CAJ | 학술논문

为了找到植物胚性愈伤组织的诱导方式，从而形成完整的单克隆细胞体细胞胚诱导体系，为进一步的体细胞诱变育种奠定基础，以苜蓿为试材，通过徒手制片法，对不同类型愈伤组织的细胞形态和结构差异性进行了观察比较。结果显示：巨大型愈伤组织细胞较大，其体积是松散型的4．5倍，是硬型的9倍；其中有48％的细胞具有5～8个较大液泡，松散型愈伤中89％的细胞具有2～4个小液泡，而硬型愈伤中97％的细胞具有1个中央大液泡。松散型愈伤的细胞中叶绿体较多，其数量是巨大型的4．65倍，硬型愈伤细胞中的叶绿体聚集成团，每团中有叶绿体3～5个。总之，巨大型愈伤的细胞分化程度较低，但液泡化明显；硬型愈伤的分化程度高，组织较老化；松散型愈伤细胞未分化，液泡化程度低，胚性愈伤特征明显，适合用于体细胞胚的诱导。
위료조도식물배성유상조직적유도방식，종이형성완정적단극륭세포체세포배유도체계，위진일보적체세포유변육충전정기출，이목숙위시재，통과도수제편법，대불동류형유상조직적세포형태화결구차이성진행료관찰비교。결과현시：거대형유상조직세포교대，기체적시송산형적4．5배，시경형적9배；기중유48％적세포구유5～8개교대액포，송산형유상중89％적세포구유2～4개소액포，이경형유상중97％적세포구유1개중앙대액포。송산형유상적세포중협록체교다，기수량시거대형적4．65배，경형유상세포중적협록체취집성단，매단중유협록체3～5개。총지，거대형유상적세포분화정도교저，단액포화명현；경형유상적분화정도고，조직교노화；송산형유상세포미분화，액포화정도저，배성유상특정명현，괄합용우체세포배적유도。
In order to get method of callus induction of plant embryo ,and set up the integral somatic embryo in-duction system of monoclonal cell ,and lay the foundation for further somatic mutation breeding ,the differences of cell morphology and structure from different types of alfalfa callus were observed and compared by quick section and microscopic examination .The results showed that giant callus cells were larger ,and the cell volume of giant callus were 4.5 times more than loose callus cells and 9 times more than hard-type callus cells,which had 48% cells of 5-8 big vacuoles .Loose callus cells had 89% cells of 2-4 small vacuoles and hard-type callus cells had 97%cells with one large central vacuole .Loose callus cells had more chloroplast ,which were 4 .65 times more than giant callus cells.The chloroplast of hard-type callus cells were gathered into groups ,which had 3-5 chloroplasts in it .In short ,there were lower cell differentiation and more clear vacuolation in giant callus ,and high degree of differentia-tion and tissue aging in hard-type callus .The loose callus was undifferentiated ,was lower on vacuolization and ap-parent on characteristics of embryonic callus ,so that it was more suitable for induction of somatic embryos .