CAJ | 학술논문

为了揭示小麦抗蚜品种（系）的遗传多样性，在田间蚜虫圃对150份小麦品种（系）孕穗期和灌浆期蚜量比值进行2年对比的基础上，选取抗性结果较为一致的材料，利用筛选的54对具有多态性的SSR标记检测了43个不同抗蚜水平小麦品种（系）的遗传多态性。结果表明，54对SSR标记在这43份不同抗蚜水平小麦品种（系）中检测到365个等位变异，每个引物检测到2～18个等位变异，平均为6．7个；从每条谱带在所有材料中出现的频率来看，变异范围为2．3％～97．7％；多态性信息量为0．05～0．91，平均为0．65；43个小麦品种间的相对遗传距离为0．30～0．90，平均为0．52；SSR标记聚类分析在相对遗传距离为0．55处将43个不同抗蚜水平小麦品种（系）分为五大类群。选育和推广抗虫品种时尽可能选择聚类图中亲缘关系较远的材料；抗蚜品种京冬6号单独聚为一类，与其余品种亲缘关系较远，可作为新的抗源用于抗蚜育种。因此，用SSR分子标记分析不同抗蚜水平小麦品种（系）间的遗传多样性和亲缘关系，可以为培育和推广抗蚜小麦品种提供参考。
위료게시소맥항아품충（계）적유전다양성，재전간아충포대150빈소맥품충（계）잉수기화관장기아량비치진행2년대비적기출상，선취항성결과교위일치적재료，이용사선적54대구유다태성적SSR표기검측료43개불동항아수평소맥품충（계）적유전다태성。결과표명，54대SSR표기재저43빈불동항아수평소맥품충（계）중검측도365개등위변이，매개인물검측도2～18개등위변이，평균위6．7개；종매조보대재소유재료중출현적빈솔래간，변이범위위2．3％～97．7％；다태성신식량위0．05～0．91，평균위0．65；43개소맥품충간적상대유전거리위0．30～0．90，평균위0．52；SSR표기취류분석재상대유전거리위0．55처장43개불동항아수평소맥품충（계）분위오대류군。선육화추엄항충품충시진가능선택취류도중친연관계교원적재료；항아품충경동6호단독취위일류，여기여품충친연관계교원，가작위신적항원용우항아육충。인차，용SSR분자표기분석불동항아수평소맥품충（계）간적유전다양성화친연관계，가이위배육화추엄항아소맥품충제공삼고。
In order to explore the genetic diversity of wheat varieties with different aphid-resistant degrees ,and then offer the reference for breeding new aphid-resistant cultivars ,43 wheat varieties/lines with different aphid-re-sistant degrees ,based on a two-year field appraisal results for aphid index by nature aphid populations ,were studied by Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.The results showed that fifty-four markers were screened and a total of 365 allelic variants were detected in these 43 varieties/lines,ranging from 2 to 18 alleles per marker with an average of 6.7.The PIC (Polymorphism information contents ) for each polymorphic primer varied from 0.05-0.91,with an average of 0.65.The mean genetic distance (GD) among 43 varieties was 0.52,varying from 0.30-0.90.Based on the 0.55 of GD 43 varieties were clustered into five groups .Resistant insect variety Jingdong 6 was a group by oneself . There was a further genetic relationship between Jingdong 6 and other varieties ,and so the Jingdong 6 might be used as a resistant insect parent .Therefore ,SSR analysis could reliable determine genetic relationships within a diverse ar -ray of wheat varieties and effectively provide the data for selecting parents for breeding programme .