CAJ | 학술논문

1993年12月，克林顿总统正式签署了北美自由贸易协定（NAFTA）的实施法案。由于贸易和投资会受到各种经济变量的影响，因此，目前要对20年来北美自由贸易协定的影响做一整体评估还有难度，但有一点是可以肯定的，即北美自由贸易协定有力地推动了北美地区和整个世界的贸易自由化进程。北美自由贸易协定是最全面的自由贸易协定，提出了一些具有历史意义的条款，成为美国新一代自由贸易协定的模板或范例，并且为乌拉圭回合的多边贸易谈判提供了理论和经验基础。在美国与其他11个国家（包括加拿大和墨西哥）关于跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（TPP）的谈判中，与北美自由贸易协定相关的政策问题仍是美国政府关注的焦点。到目前为止，反对者所担心的情况没有发生，支持者所预言的巨大的经济利益也没有出现，北美自由贸易协议对美国经济的实际影响似乎并不太大。一方面是因为美国与加拿大和墨西哥的进出口贸易占美国国内生产总值的比重较小；另一方面是因为当这三个国家真正实行了更加开放的贸易和投资时，三国之间的企业也随之产生了成本调节机制。
1993년12월，극림돈총통정식첨서료북미자유무역협정（NAFTA）적실시법안。유우무역화투자회수도각충경제변량적영향，인차，목전요대20년래북미자유무역협정적영향주일정체평고환유난도，단유일점시가이긍정적，즉북미자유무역협정유력지추동료북미지구화정개세계적무역자유화진정。북미자유무역협정시최전면적자유무역협정，제출료일사구유역사의의적조관，성위미국신일대자유무역협정적모판혹범례，병차위오랍규회합적다변무역담판제공료이론화경험기출。재미국여기타11개국가（포괄가나대화묵서가）관우과태평양화반관계협정（TPP）적담판중，여북미자유무역협정상관적정책문제잉시미국정부관주적초점。도목전위지，반대자소담심적정황몰유발생，지지자소예언적거대적경제이익야몰유출현，북미자유무역협의대미국경제적실제영향사호병불태대。일방면시인위미국여가나대화묵서가적진출구무역점미국국내생산총치적비중교소；령일방면시인위당저삼개국가진정실행료경가개방적무역화투자시，삼국지간적기업야수지산생료성본조절궤제。
In December of 1993,President Clinton formally signed up the implementation deal of NATFA. As the trade and investment are influenced by all kinds of economic variants, it is hard to make an overall evaluation of the NATFA over the 20 years. However,one thing is for sure that the NATFA has greatly promoted the trade liberalization of the North America and the whole world. The NATFA is the most comprehensive free trade agreement. It proposes some clauses of historic significance, becomes the model or example of US’s new free trade agreement and provides theoretical and empirical basis for the Uruguay Round of Multi-lateral Trade Talks. In the talks about TPP between US and other 11 countries (including Canada and Mexico),the policy issues related with NAFTA was still the focus of the US government. Up to now,as 20 years passed by,what the opponents worried about has never occurred,while the huge economic interest predicted by the supporters hasn’t occurred either. The real impact of NAFTA on US’s economy seems to be small. On the one hand, the import and export trade among US,Canada and Mexico accounts for a rather small part of US’s GDP. On the other hand,as the three countries truly open their trade and investment,the enterpris-es among the three countries correspondingly come up with their cost adjustment mechanism.