CAJ | 학술논문

职务发明制度的规则设计是否合理，直接影响专利制度激励创新的功能。目前，我国对于职务发明的界定类型相对较多，权利归属规则过于简单，职务发明的报酬制度难以落实。因此，职务发明制度需要重新构造，包括以“执行职务”为核心，缩减职务发明的范围，简化职务发明的界定条件；以“分权制衡”为理念，重构职务发明的权利归属规则；以“权利交易”为筹码，构建职务发明人的报酬制度。这样，职务发明权属纠纷会大大减少，并且出于对共同利益的诉求，发明人和单位才能齐心协力地推进职务发明专利的研发和实施，促进技术创新。
직무발명제도적규칙설계시부합리，직접영향전리제도격려창신적공능。목전，아국대우직무발명적계정류형상대교다，권리귀속규칙과우간단，직무발명적보수제도난이락실。인차，직무발명제도수요중신구조，포괄이“집행직무”위핵심，축감직무발명적범위，간화직무발명적계정조건；이“분권제형”위이념，중구직무발명적권리귀속규칙；이“권리교역”위주마，구건직무발명인적보수제도。저양，직무발명권속규분회대대감소，병차출우대공동이익적소구，발명인화단위재능제심협력지추진직무발명전리적연발화실시，촉진기술창신。
The rationality of the design of service invention system determines the stimulate innovation function of the patent system. Currently, there are relatively too many types of service invention deifned, it is still lack of the rules of ownership and dififcult to put into effect the rewards system of service invention. Therefore, the system of service invention needs to be reconstructed, including reducing the scale of service invention and simplifying the boundary condition of a service invention, which takes the "execution duty" as the core; reconstructing the right adscription of service inventions, which takes the "decentralization and balance" as the idea; constructing the employee-inventor's reward system, which takes the "right transaction" as the bargaining chip. Thus, the ownership disputes of service invention will be greatly reduced, and there will be a combination of the promotion for the patent exploitation and innovation of service invention and to to promote technological innovation as they have common interests.