热带农业科学
熱帶農業科學
열대농업과학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE
2014年
10期
19-23
,共5页
马海洋%刘亚男%石伟琦%杜晓远%冼皑敏%陈菁
馬海洋%劉亞男%石偉琦%杜曉遠%冼皚敏%陳菁
마해양%류아남%석위기%두효원%승애민%진정
香蕉%果实膨大期%矿质元素%分配特征
香蕉%果實膨大期%礦質元素%分配特徵
향초%과실팽대기%광질원소%분배특정
banana%late fruit filling%mineral elements%distribution characteristics
以威廉斯8818香蕉为试材，采用整株挖掘、分解取样的方法，研究其干物质的构成特点、各器官矿质元素含量和累积及分布特征。结果表明，香蕉植株果实膨大期总干物质量为5.4 kg/株，其中叶片占36.1%，假茎占34.3%，球茎占15.1%，果实占10.6%，根占2.9%，果轴占1.1%。每株累积吸收 N 61.65 g、 P 4.40 g、 K 49.65 g， N、 P、 K 的吸收比例为1∶0.07∶0.81。此时期， N、 P、 K 分配率规律为叶片＞假茎＞果实，果轴中则最低。叶片中 N 含量最高，其次为果实和果轴，假茎(叶鞘)最低。 P 以果实含量最高，叶片次之，球茎最低。 K以果实含量最高，根次之，假茎(叶鞘)和球茎最低。叶片、假茎(叶鞘)、真茎(地上茎)和球茎中各矿质元素含量的大小顺序为 N＞K＞P，而果实、果轴和根中则为 K＞N＞P。
以威廉斯8818香蕉為試材，採用整株挖掘、分解取樣的方法，研究其榦物質的構成特點、各器官礦質元素含量和纍積及分佈特徵。結果錶明，香蕉植株果實膨大期總榦物質量為5.4 kg/株，其中葉片佔36.1%，假莖佔34.3%，毬莖佔15.1%，果實佔10.6%，根佔2.9%，果軸佔1.1%。每株纍積吸收 N 61.65 g、 P 4.40 g、 K 49.65 g， N、 P、 K 的吸收比例為1∶0.07∶0.81。此時期， N、 P、 K 分配率規律為葉片＞假莖＞果實，果軸中則最低。葉片中 N 含量最高，其次為果實和果軸，假莖(葉鞘)最低。 P 以果實含量最高，葉片次之，毬莖最低。 K以果實含量最高，根次之，假莖(葉鞘)和毬莖最低。葉片、假莖(葉鞘)、真莖(地上莖)和毬莖中各礦質元素含量的大小順序為 N＞K＞P，而果實、果軸和根中則為 K＞N＞P。
이위렴사8818향초위시재，채용정주알굴、분해취양적방법，연구기간물질적구성특점、각기관광질원소함량화루적급분포특정。결과표명，향초식주과실팽대기총간물질량위5.4 kg/주，기중협편점36.1%，가경점34.3%，구경점15.1%，과실점10.6%，근점2.9%，과축점1.1%。매주루적흡수 N 61.65 g、 P 4.40 g、 K 49.65 g， N、 P、 K 적흡수비례위1∶0.07∶0.81。차시기， N、 P、 K 분배솔규률위협편＞가경＞과실，과축중칙최저。협편중 N 함량최고，기차위과실화과축，가경(협초)최저。 P 이과실함량최고，협편차지，구경최저。 K이과실함량최고，근차지，가경(협초)화구경최저。협편、가경(협초)、진경(지상경)화구경중각광질원소함량적대소순서위 N＞K＞P，이과실、과축화근중칙위 K＞N＞P。
The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in banana (Musa AAA Group Cavendish Williams) and establish a reasonable fertilization protocol. Banana was cultured in field and harvested at the late fruit filling stage for analyzing its composition of dry biomass and mineral elements contents in different parts. The results showed that the total dry biomass of plantain banana was 5.4 kg/plant, and the percentage of leaves was 36.1%, pseudostems 34.3%, corms 15.1%, fruits 10.6%, roots 2.9% and bunch axles 1.1%, respectively. The total N, P and K amounts in plantain banana were 61.65, 4.40 and 49.65 g/plant, respectively. The ratio of N∶P∶K was 1∶0.07∶0.81. The distribution rate of N, P and K in different organs of banana at the late fruit filling stage ranked as leaves>pseudostems>fruits>bunch axis. N content of the leaves was the highest, followed by that in fruits and bunch axles, pseudostems was the minimum. P content was highest in fruit, and then in leaves, the last was corms. K content was highest in fruit, followed by roots, then pseudostems, K in corms was the minimum. Different mineral elements content in leaves, pseudostems and corms ranked as N>K>P, while for fruits, bunch axles and roots, the order was K>N>P.
