化工进展
化工進展
화공진전
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
2014年
11期
3021-3025
,共5页
硼氢化钠%施莱辛格法%合成
硼氫化鈉%施萊辛格法%閤成
붕경화납%시래신격법%합성
sodium borohydride%Schlesinger process%synthesis
目前工业化合成硼氢化钠的工艺有Schlesinger法和Bayer法,而Schlesinger法是工业化合成硼氢化钠应用最广的工艺,其关键步骤为氢化钠和硼酸三甲酯的合成。本文一方面从氢化钠的合成、硼酸三甲酯的合成及硼氢化钠的合成3个方面详细论述了Schlesinger法合成工艺进展情况;并指出目前方法存在的问题,如采用油液分散金属钠法合成的氢化钠活性差,制约了氢化钠的应用,硼酸三甲酯工业合成过程中过多使用浓硫酸造成环境严重污染。另一方面对 Schlesinger 法工艺改进提出了几点设想,如企业全流程合成硼氢化钠可节约外购成本和仓储成本;硼酸三甲酯的合成取代浓硫酸的应用,提纯采用盐析的方法均可以减轻环境污染;硼氢化钠水解过程中采用稀液碱溶液代替淡水,可避免硼氢化钠水解,提高产品收率。
目前工業化閤成硼氫化鈉的工藝有Schlesinger法和Bayer法,而Schlesinger法是工業化閤成硼氫化鈉應用最廣的工藝,其關鍵步驟為氫化鈉和硼痠三甲酯的閤成。本文一方麵從氫化鈉的閤成、硼痠三甲酯的閤成及硼氫化鈉的閤成3箇方麵詳細論述瞭Schlesinger法閤成工藝進展情況;併指齣目前方法存在的問題,如採用油液分散金屬鈉法閤成的氫化鈉活性差,製約瞭氫化鈉的應用,硼痠三甲酯工業閤成過程中過多使用濃硫痠造成環境嚴重汙染。另一方麵對 Schlesinger 法工藝改進提齣瞭幾點設想,如企業全流程閤成硼氫化鈉可節約外購成本和倉儲成本;硼痠三甲酯的閤成取代濃硫痠的應用,提純採用鹽析的方法均可以減輕環境汙染;硼氫化鈉水解過程中採用稀液堿溶液代替淡水,可避免硼氫化鈉水解,提高產品收率。
목전공업화합성붕경화납적공예유Schlesinger법화Bayer법,이Schlesinger법시공업화합성붕경화납응용최엄적공예,기관건보취위경화납화붕산삼갑지적합성。본문일방면종경화납적합성、붕산삼갑지적합성급붕경화납적합성3개방면상세논술료Schlesinger법합성공예진전정황;병지출목전방법존재적문제,여채용유액분산금속납법합성적경화납활성차,제약료경화납적응용,붕산삼갑지공업합성과정중과다사용농류산조성배경엄중오염。령일방면대 Schlesinger 법공예개진제출료궤점설상,여기업전류정합성붕경화납가절약외구성본화창저성본;붕산삼갑지적합성취대농류산적응용,제순채용염석적방법균가이감경배경오염;붕경화납수해과정중채용희액감용액대체담수,가피면붕경화납수해,제고산품수솔。
Currently,Schlesinger process and Bayer process are both industrial synthesis process of sodium borohydride. The Brown-Schlesinger process is the major process in use today for making sodium borohydride. The key steps of the process are the production of sodium hydride and trimethyl borate. The synthesis process of sodium hydride,trimethyl borate and sodium borohydride are reviewed. The existing problems are commented,such as sodium hydride prepared in mineral oil is poor in activity,serious environmental pollution caused by excessive use of concentrated sulfuric acid in industrial production of trimethyl borate. Some directions for further study are given. Integration of the process steps from start to finish will impact the bottom line cost. Synthesis of trimethyl borate instead of using sulfuric acid and purification by the salting out method can both reduce environmental pollution. In the process of sodium borohydride hydrolysis use of liquid dilute alkali solution instead of fresh water can avoid sodium borohydride hydrolysis and improve product yield.