CAJ | 학술논문

为分析近年来中国地表水高锰酸盐指数污染的时空变化规律，利用2008-2013年全国地表水338个可比国控断面监测数据，从时间变化特征、空间分布特征、污染较轻和较重断面变化情况及污染变化原因等方面进行了研究。结果表明：①从年际变化看，全国地表水高锰酸盐指数污染总体呈减轻趋势，平均浓度下降32?2％，劣Ⅴ类断面比例下降5?0个百分点；②从流域分布看，辽河、黄河和海河流域高锰酸盐指数污染程度明显减轻，其他流域较为稳定，海河流域高锰酸盐指数污染一直较重，黄河、松花江、淮河和辽河流域次之，其他流域污染较轻；③污染严重断面由22个降至5个，污染较轻断面稳定在242～248个；④COD排放量的减少在一定程度上促进了地表水高锰酸盐指数污染的减轻，但个别流域水资源严重短缺、纳污量仍较高是流域污染较重的重要原因，污染严重断面主要分布在海河流域，这与其COD接纳量较高、水资源总量较少有直接关系。
위분석근년래중국지표수고맹산염지수오염적시공변화규률，이용2008-2013년전국지표수338개가비국공단면감측수거，종시간변화특정、공간분포특정、오염교경화교중단면변화정황급오염변화원인등방면진행료연구。결과표명：①종년제변화간，전국지표수고맹산염지수오염총체정감경추세，평균농도하강32?2％，렬Ⅴ류단면비례하강5?0개백분점；②종류역분포간，료하、황하화해하류역고맹산염지수오염정도명현감경，기타류역교위은정，해하류역고맹산염지수오염일직교중，황하、송화강、회하화료하류역차지，기타류역오염교경；③오염엄중단면유22개강지5개，오염교경단면은정재242～248개；④COD배방량적감소재일정정도상촉진료지표수고맹산염지수오염적감경，단개별류역수자원엄중단결、납오량잉교고시류역오염교중적중요원인，오염엄중단면주요분포재해하류역，저여기COD접납량교고、수자원총량교소유직접관계。
The monitoring values of CODMn from 338 sites all over China were used to analyze the spatio-temporalchange regulation of surface water from 2008 to 2013. The temporal change, spatial change, and changes in the proportion of polluted site were analyzed. ①The pollution of CODMn became alleviate year by year, the average fall 32?2% while the percentage of heavy-polluted sites fall 5?0.②the pollution of Liaohe River, Yellow River, and Haihe River alleviated clearly and other rivers keep steadily. Haihe River was heavy polluted and Yellow River , Songhua River, Huaihe River, Liaohe River were also polluted, while the others were much better.③ the numbers of heavy-polluted sites drop to 5 from 22, while the numbers with good water quality kept 242-248. ④the pollution of CODMn alleviated with the COD discharge decreased, but the rivers like Haihe River were still heavy-polluted for the lack of water resource and large COD discharge.