CAJ | 학술논문

土壤重金属污染是珠江三角洲地区主要的生态环境问题之一，直接影响到区域生态系统的稳定和食品安全。通过开展多目标区域地球化学调查、区域生态地球化学评价、局部生态地球化学评价和总体综合评价，系统完成了珠江三角洲经济区47954 km2（包括10 m 水深以浅的近岸海域）的生态地球化学调查与评价。按照双层网格化方法系统采集了陆域土壤、近岸海域和珠江水系的主要河流沉积物表层和深层样品，测试了71项元素和指标，建立了珠江三角洲经济区土壤、沉积物地球化学背景值和基准值，首次对珠江三角洲地区区域地球化学特征进行了系统全面的调查，全面查明了珠江三角洲经济区土壤环境质量状况，区内一级和二级土壤分别占总面积的19.9％和57.3％，三级和三级以上土壤占22.8％。定量计算了镉、铅、汞等主要异常元素经河流、成土过程等自然来源和大气干湿沉降、施肥、灌溉、使用农药等人为来源贡献量，阐明了其迁移转化途径及生态安全性。结合研究区特点，系统开展了三角洲形成演化过程的地球化学研究，并在国内首次制定了符合地区特点的珠江三角洲经济区土壤环境质量地方标准。
토양중금속오염시주강삼각주지구주요적생태배경문제지일，직접영향도구역생태계통적은정화식품안전。통과개전다목표구역지구화학조사、구역생태지구화학평개、국부생태지구화학평개화총체종합평개，계통완성료주강삼각주경제구47954 km2（포괄10 m 수심이천적근안해역）적생태지구화학조사여평개。안조쌍층망격화방법계통채집료륙역토양、근안해역화주강수계적주요하류침적물표층화심층양품，측시료71항원소화지표，건립료주강삼각주경제구토양、침적물지구화학배경치화기준치，수차대주강삼각주지구구역지구화학특정진행료계통전면적조사，전면사명료주강삼각주경제구토양배경질량상황，구내일급화이급토양분별점총면적적19.9％화57.3％，삼급화삼급이상토양점22.8％。정량계산료력、연、홍등주요이상원소경하류、성토과정등자연래원화대기간습침강、시비、관개、사용농약등인위래원공헌량，천명료기천이전화도경급생태안전성。결합연구구특점，계통개전료삼각주형성연화과정적지구화학연구，병재국내수차제정료부합지구특점적주강삼각주경제구토양배경질량지방표준。
Soil heavy metal pollution is one of the main environmental problems in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone,which directly threatens the stability of regional ecosystem and food safety,and has profound influences on economic sustainability,especially for sustainable agriculture and people’s health.Consequently,soil envi-ronment quality and food safety in this region have receiving extensive attention from all around China.Based on multi-purpose regional geochemical survey,regional eco-geochemical assessment,local eco-geochemical assess-ment and comprehensive appraisal,the eco-geochemical survey and assessment in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone of 47,954 km2 (including the area of 10 m depth in shallow inshore waters)was completed.Samples of soil,sediments of intertidal and major rivers in the region were collected in accordance with the two-layer grid method.Totally 71 elements and indicators for soils and sediments were determined and it is the first time to study the geochemical characteristics of the Pearl River Delta region.On the basis of the regional survey,the samples of rock,soil,sediment,dust,water,biology,human hair and other types of media samples in signifi-cant zone were systemic collected.The composition,distribution characteristics,sources,impact mechanisms and ecological security,migration and transformation process of toxic elements and nutrition elements in signifi-cant zone were investigated through case research and general analysis.According to the characteristics of the area,we firstly carried out the study of geochemical character of delta formation evolution and formulation of en-vironmental quality standards for soils in the Pearl River Delta region.