CAJ | 학술논문

首先介绍试验装置、模型相似比、试验模型箱等，然后对围岩与隧道结构的加速度响应、衬砌的位移和应变响应以及仰坡坡面的破坏情况进行分析。分析表明，由于洞口临空面的存在，隧道洞口处会出现加速度和位移的放大效应，不同的仰坡角度下均符合该特性，但随着仰坡坡度的增加，放大效应会逐渐减弱。在振动过程中衬砌横断面承受循环的拉压荷载作用，两侧的拱肩和拱脚位置出现较大的地震附加弯矩，受力特性与仰坡坡度无关，但地震附加弯矩会随着覆土厚度和结构惯性力的增加而增大；随着仰坡坡度的增加，结构与围岩在洞口处的相互作用会逐渐减弱，仰坡坡面的破坏形式分别为坡面的局部崩塌、衬砌顶部的大面积滑塌和坡顶的高位滑塌，均为浅层破坏，但坡面坍塌围岩会不同程度的掩埋洞口，对隧道的正常使用造成严重的影响，故应对洞口仰坡进行重点设防。分析结果对于合理认识山岭隧道洞口段地震响应特征具有积极作用，可供隧道实际工程设计和施工的抗震设防参考。
수선개소시험장치、모형상사비、시험모형상등，연후대위암여수도결구적가속도향응、츤체적위이화응변향응이급앙파파면적파배정황진행분석。분석표명，유우동구림공면적존재，수도동구처회출현가속도화위이적방대효응，불동적앙파각도하균부합해특성，단수착앙파파도적증가，방대효응회축점감약。재진동과정중츤체횡단면승수순배적랍압하재작용，량측적공견화공각위치출현교대적지진부가만구，수력특성여앙파파도무관，단지진부가만구회수착복토후도화결구관성력적증가이증대；수착앙파파도적증가，결구여위암재동구처적상호작용회축점감약，앙파파면적파배형식분별위파면적국부붕탑、츤체정부적대면적활탑화파정적고위활탑，균위천층파배，단파면담탑위암회불동정도적엄매동구，대수도적정상사용조성엄중적영향，고응대동구앙파진행중점설방。분석결과대우합리인식산령수도동구단지진향응특정구유적겁작용，가공수도실제공정설계화시공적항진설방삼고。
The tests arrangements are systematically introduced firstly, including test facilities, similar ratios, modelling materials, model cases and so on. Then, the test results including accelerations of surrounding rock and tunnel structure, laws of strains and deformations of structures, failure features of upward slope. The analysis results show that: an amplified effect of acceleration and displacements of tunnel structures exist at the area which is of some distance from the entrance of the tunnel. There is not much differences in the law of the amplification effect for different gradients of upward slope. The amplification effect decreases as the gradient of upward slope increases. The analysis of the strain show that the tunnel structure is mainly subjected to transverse stress. A cycling load of tension and pressure acts on the cross-section of the tunnel which result in additional seismic bending moment on arch waist and arch feet, which could be seen as weak parts in seismic design of lining structure. The mechanical characteristics of lining has no relation with the gradient of upward slope. The additional moment is proportional to soil thickness and the inertia force of lining. As the gradient of upward slope increases, the soil-structure interaction effect is gradually weakened; and the failure modes of the slope are different, which include local slope collapse, large slump at the top of the lining, highstand sliding. Both of them are all the surface failure. But the tunnel openings are usually partially or completely buried, which severely affect the normal use of tunnel. Tests results provide references for seismic design of tunnel portal section in mountain tunnels.