CAJ | 학술논문

为明确免耕栽培对植烟旱地土壤微生物和酶活性的变化特征及对烟叶产量的影响，设置了免耕栽培、翻耕不中耕栽培、常规翻耕栽培田间试验。结果表明：（1）植烟土壤中细菌数量占大部分，其次是放线菌，真菌最少，细菌数量和微生物总活性在烤烟成熟期达到最大值，免耕对微生物数量的影响主要集中在0~5 cm表层土壤，随着土层加深，影响减小；（2）蔗糖酶活性在烤烟生长中后期最高，脲酶、磷酸酶活性在伸根期达到最高，免耕对土壤酶活性的影响集中在0~5 cm表层土壤，随土层加深，影响减小；（3）免耕栽培对烟叶产量、产值、均价及中上等烟叶比例等影响不显著。综合考虑土壤生态、经济效益，免耕栽培值得在湘西旱地植烟区推广。
위명학면경재배대식연한지토양미생물화매활성적변화특정급대연협산량적영향，설치료면경재배、번경불중경재배、상규번경재배전간시험。결과표명：（1）식연토양중세균수량점대부분，기차시방선균，진균최소，세균수량화미생물총활성재고연성숙기체도최대치，면경대미생물수량적영향주요집중재0~5 cm표층토양，수착토층가심，영향감소；（2）자당매활성재고연생장중후기최고，뇨매、린산매활성재신근기체도최고，면경대토양매활성적영향집중재0~5 cm표층토양，수토층가심，영향감소；（3）면경재배대연협산량、산치、균개급중상등연협비례등영향불현저。종합고필토양생태、경제효익，면경재배치득재상서한지식연구추엄。
In order to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil microbes and enzyme activities and tobacco output in tobacco-planting upland under no-tillage system, a field experiment with 3 treatments (no-tillage, tillage with no-hilling, and conventional tillage) was carried out. The results showed that (1) Among the soil macrobiotics, bacteria was the most, then was actinomycetes, and fungus was the least. The quantity of bacteria and microorganism activity increased firstly, then decreased during the tobacco growth period, which had maximum values at tobacco maturity. The quantity of soil microorganism decreased with soil depths, and the influence of no-tillage on the quantity of soil microorganism occurred mainly in 0-5 cm surface soil. (2) Invertase activity increased during the later period of tobacco growth, the activity of urease and phoshatase were high at resettling stage, then decreased, and catalase activity increased firstly, then decreased. The effect of no-tillage on soil enzyme activity occurred mainly in 0-5 cm surface soil. This influence decreased with soil depths. (3) The no-tillage planting had not significant influences on yield, output value, average price of tobacco leaves and the ratio of superior tobacco leaves. Therefore, no-tillage system is worthy to be popularized in upland in western Hunan.