CAJ | 학술논문

旅游气候舒适度的定量评估可以为旅游部门开发旅游资源和游客选择旅游时间提供科学依据。利用1961-2010年西宁地区逐月平均气温、相对湿度、风速、日照时间计算温湿指数(TH I )、风效指数(K ),分析50年来两指数年内变化特征；计算逐年四季的 TH I 和 K 值,研究四季中两指数的变化趋势；将两指数值与人体生理感受级别对应,并依据生理气候评价分级指标测算逐年各月西宁市游客体感舒适度。结果表明：(1)TH I年内逐月变化曲线呈倒“U”型,指数变化表现为先增后降,峰值所在时段在6~8月,且 TH I 年内振幅逐年减小。不同季节 TH I 变动振幅差异较明显,冬季 TH I 的线性递增率是其他季节的7~20倍,其年际变幅也远大于春、夏、秋季；(2)K 值年内变化曲线呈倒“U”型,指数表现为先增后降,且其年内振幅也逐年减小。峰值(K >-600,人体感受为凉、舒适和暖)所处时间段逐年递增,由1975年的7个月延长到2005年的9个月；K 在各个季节的年际变化均表现为逐年递增,并且夏季 K 值线性倾向率远高于冬季,反映出西宁地区暖季和冷季舒适程度都在增加,但是暖季舒适化趋势更加明显；(3)西宁近50年来逐月气候舒适程度分属于很舒适、舒适、不舒适、很不舒适四级,其中6、7、8月多属于非常舒适、舒适,5月和9月舒适度出现不规律的舒适或不舒适的年际交替,4月和10月出现不舒适的概率居多,11月至翌年3月旅游气候多表现为很不舒适。
여유기후서괄도적정량평고가이위여유부문개발여유자원화유객선택여유시간제공과학의거。이용1961-2010년서저지구축월평균기온、상대습도、풍속、일조시간계산온습지수(TH I )、풍효지수(K ),분석50년래량지수년내변화특정；계산축년사계적 TH I 화 K 치,연구사계중량지수적변화추세；장량지수치여인체생리감수급별대응,병의거생리기후평개분급지표측산축년각월서저시유객체감서괄도。결과표명：(1)TH I년내축월변화곡선정도“U”형,지수변화표현위선증후강,봉치소재시단재6~8월,차 TH I 년내진폭축년감소。불동계절 TH I 변동진폭차이교명현,동계 TH I 적선성체증솔시기타계절적7~20배,기년제변폭야원대우춘、하、추계；(2)K 치년내변화곡선정도“U”형,지수표현위선증후강,차기년내진폭야축년감소。봉치(K >-600,인체감수위량、서괄화난)소처시간단축년체증,유1975년적7개월연장도2005년적9개월；K 재각개계절적년제변화균표현위축년체증,병차하계 K 치선성경향솔원고우동계,반영출서저지구난계화랭계서괄정도도재증가,단시난계서괄화추세경가명현；(3)서저근50년래축월기후서괄정도분속우흔서괄、서괄、불서괄、흔불서괄사급,기중6、7、8월다속우비상서괄、서괄,5월화9월서괄도출현불규률적서괄혹불서괄적년제교체,4월화10월출현불서괄적개솔거다,11월지익년3월여유기후다표현위흔불서괄。
Quantitative evaluation of the tourism climate resources not only provides a scientific basis for regional tourism sustainable development of resources,but also helps the tourists to choose the proper travel time.Using monthly average temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,sunshine time of Xining area during 1 961 - 2010,the authors'work is as follows:calculating temperature and humidity index (TH I )and wind effect index(K );analyzing the variation of the two indices during the year from January to December in the past fifty years;studying the change trend characteristics of two indices within four seasons over the past 50 years;making two indices corresponding the level of human physiological feel and obtaining comfort level of tourists each month from year by year in Xining City based on physiological climate classification indicators.The results show that:(1 )yearly temperature and humidity index curve appears inverted “U”,the index trend shows first rise and then decrease,the period of peak is from June to August,and yearly amplitude of TH I has a decreasing trend over time.The linear increasing rate of winter is 7 ~ 20 times of other seasons,TH I amplitude changes in different seasons are much more apparent,winter range in 2~3,spring range of 8~10,15~17 in summer,the autumn in 7~9,and the fluc-tuation amplitude of inter-annual variability of it is much larger than that of spring,summer and autumn;(2)yearly wind effect index curve continues to show inverted “U”type,the index trends shows a charac-teristic of first rise and then decrease,and the yearly amplitude also becomes smaller over time.Peak period (K >-600,human feelings for the cool,comfortable and warm)are extended by seven months of 1 975 to the nine months of 2005;Inter-annual K in various seasonal has obvious increasing trend,the linear increasing rate of summer is far higher than that of winter,reflect that the warm and comfortable trend of Xining region is more obvious;(3 )In the past 50 years,climate comfort of Xining is divided into four levels:very comfortable,comfortable,uncomfortable,and very uncomfortable.In June,July and August,it always has very comfortable or comfortable climate.In May and September appeared inter-annual irregularly alternative comfort or discomfort.In the majority,April and October appeared more uncomfortable probability.From November to the next March,climate has a very obviously characteristic of uncomfortable.