化学反应工程与工艺
化學反應工程與工藝
화학반응공정여공예
CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
2014年
5期
452-457
,共6页
电石渣%氯化铵%氨回收
電石渣%氯化銨%氨迴收
전석사%록화안%안회수
carbide slag%ammonium chloride%ammonium recovery
电石渣/氯化铵反应回收氨是利用工业固废的环境友好工艺。在间歇实验反应条件下，分别研究了反应时间、NH4Cl/电石渣质量比、反应温度、反应压力及含水率对氨回收率的影响，研究结果表明：随着反应温度的增大，氨回收率呈现先不变后增大的趋势；随着含水率的增大，氨回收率呈现先增大后减小的趋势；随着反应真空度的增加，氨回收率呈增大的趋势。优化的工艺条件为：反应时间20 min，NH4Cl/电石渣质量比1.2，反应温度80℃，真空度0.02 MPa，含水质量分数为60%，在此条件下氨的回收率可达到57.7%。研究结果还说明采用电石渣取代石灰乳是经济可行的方案，相比于现有纯碱工业中采用石灰乳进行氨回收利用的情况，含水率由74%降低到60%，氨回率由17%提高到57%。含水率的降低和反应阶段氨逸出率的提高有助于降低后续蒸氨工段的能耗，且对产物氯化钙的分离利用创造了有利条件。
電石渣/氯化銨反應迴收氨是利用工業固廢的環境友好工藝。在間歇實驗反應條件下，分彆研究瞭反應時間、NH4Cl/電石渣質量比、反應溫度、反應壓力及含水率對氨迴收率的影響，研究結果錶明：隨著反應溫度的增大，氨迴收率呈現先不變後增大的趨勢；隨著含水率的增大，氨迴收率呈現先增大後減小的趨勢；隨著反應真空度的增加，氨迴收率呈增大的趨勢。優化的工藝條件為：反應時間20 min，NH4Cl/電石渣質量比1.2，反應溫度80℃，真空度0.02 MPa，含水質量分數為60%，在此條件下氨的迴收率可達到57.7%。研究結果還說明採用電石渣取代石灰乳是經濟可行的方案，相比于現有純堿工業中採用石灰乳進行氨迴收利用的情況，含水率由74%降低到60%，氨迴率由17%提高到57%。含水率的降低和反應階段氨逸齣率的提高有助于降低後續蒸氨工段的能耗，且對產物氯化鈣的分離利用創造瞭有利條件。
전석사/록화안반응회수안시이용공업고폐적배경우호공예。재간헐실험반응조건하，분별연구료반응시간、NH4Cl/전석사질량비、반응온도、반응압력급함수솔대안회수솔적영향，연구결과표명：수착반응온도적증대，안회수솔정현선불변후증대적추세；수착함수솔적증대，안회수솔정현선증대후감소적추세；수착반응진공도적증가，안회수솔정증대적추세。우화적공예조건위：반응시간20 min，NH4Cl/전석사질량비1.2，반응온도80℃，진공도0.02 MPa，함수질량분수위60%，재차조건하안적회수솔가체도57.7%。연구결과환설명채용전석사취대석회유시경제가행적방안，상비우현유순감공업중채용석회유진행안회수이용적정황，함수솔유74%강저도60%，안회솔유17%제고도57%。함수솔적강저화반응계단안일출솔적제고유조우강저후속증안공단적능모，차대산물록화개적분리이용창조료유리조건。
In the ammonia-soda process, lime slurry is usually used to react with the solution of ammonium chloride to realize the ammonia recycling. Using carbide slag to instead lime slurry is an environmental benign and economical process. The reaction of carbide slag/ammonium chloride was studied in a batch reactor systematically. The effects of different operation parameters, such as reaction time, mass ratio of NH4Cl/carbide slag, reaction temperature, reaction pressure and water content, on the reaction were investigated. Almost no reaction was observed with the temperature range of 60-70℃. When the temperature arrived 75℃, violent bubbles were observed and the ammonia yield increased with increasing temperature at the temperature range of 75-90℃. With increasing of water content, a peak of ammonium yield was observed at the point of water content 65%. The ammonium yield increased with increasing vacuum degree. The optimal reaction conditions as follows: reaction time 20 min, NH4Cl/carbide slag mass ratio of 1.2, reaction temperature 80℃, vacuum degree 0.02 MPa, water content 60%. At these conditions, the yield of ammonium reached 57.7%. Using Carbide slag can get a better result than that of lime slurry in Soda industry with a lower water content 60% compared with 74% and a higher ammonia yield of 57% compared with 17%. Reducing water content and improving ammonia yield are beneficial for the following ammonia recovery process and the crystallization of calcium chloride.
