CAJ | 학술논문

利用1°×1°的NCEP再分析资料、红外辐射亮温（TBB）、多普勒雷达和气柱水汽总量等资料，对2011年7月28～29日发生在山西境内的区域性暴雨进行多尺度特征分析。结果表明：（1）乌拉尔山阻高崩溃，西风槽东移、副高进退是此次暴雨发生的环流特征；（2）850 hPa低涡切变和700 hPa暖式切变线及地面冷锋是暴雨发生的中α尺度触发系统；（3）＞30 dBZ的雷达回波呈南北向位于地面冷锋与700 hPa切变线之间，雷达回波随地面冷锋和700 hPa切变线的东移而东移；（4）低空低涡切变受500 hPa强盛西南气流的引导向东北移动，暴雨落区始终与低涡切变相伴随；（5）暴雨过程山西境内共有9个中β尺度对流云团活动，山西西南部的暴雨主要由5个中β尺度对流云团的相继移入并在自动站极大风速风场切变线附近触发对流发展所致；山西东南部的大暴雨则是3个中β尺度对流云团合并发展的结果，中γ尺度气旋是导致局地大暴雨发生的直接影响系统；（6）暴雨发生在气柱水汽总量空间分布图中水汽锋的南部和东部及靠近气柱水汽总量的大值区一侧，水汽锋的形成比降水开始提前17 h，比暴雨发生提前24 h以上，对暴雨的短期、短时预报有指示意义。
이용1°×1°적NCEP재분석자료、홍외복사량온（TBB）、다보륵뢰체화기주수기총량등자료，대2011년7월28～29일발생재산서경내적구역성폭우진행다척도특정분석。결과표명：（1）오랍이산조고붕궤，서풍조동이、부고진퇴시차차폭우발생적배류특정；（2）850 hPa저와절변화700 hPa난식절변선급지면랭봉시폭우발생적중α척도촉발계통；（3）＞30 dBZ적뢰체회파정남북향위우지면랭봉여700 hPa절변선지간，뢰체회파수지면랭봉화700 hPa절변선적동이이동이；（4）저공저와절변수500 hPa강성서남기류적인도향동북이동，폭우락구시종여저와절변상반수；（5）폭우과정산서경내공유9개중β척도대류운단활동，산서서남부적폭우주요유5개중β척도대류운단적상계이입병재자동참겁대풍속풍장절변선부근촉발대류발전소치；산서동남부적대폭우칙시3개중β척도대류운단합병발전적결과，중γ척도기선시도치국지대폭우발생적직접영향계통；（6）폭우발생재기주수기총량공간분포도중수기봉적남부화동부급고근기주수기총량적대치구일측，수기봉적형성비강수개시제전17 h，비폭우발생제전24 h이상，대폭우적단기、단시예보유지시의의。
Based on the NCEP reanalyzed data(1 °×1 °),infrared radiation bright temperature,Doppler radar data and the total col-umn water vapor content data,the multi-scale characteristics of the regional rainstorm which occurred in Shanxi on 28~29 July 201 1 were analyzed.Results were as follows:(1 )The collapsing of Ural blocking high,westerly trough moving eastward,the advance and retreat of the subtropical high were the circulation characteristics of the rainstorm;(2)The vortex shear line on 850 hPa,warm shear line on 700 hPa and the cold front on surface were the meso-α-scale system triggering rainstorm occurrence;(3 )The radar echo more than 30 dBZ lied between the surface cold front and the 700 hPa shear line,and moved eastward with them going to east;(4) The lower level vortex shear line was guided to northeast by the strong southwest airflow on 500 hPa,while the rainfall area always fol-lowed the shear line;(5 )During the rainstorm process,there were nine active meso-β-scale convective cloud clusters totally in Shanxi Province,and five of them entered in Shanxi one after the other and triggered the rainstorms in southwestern Shanxi nearby the shear lines of extreme wind of automatic stations.While the rainstorm in southeastern Shanxi was the result of mergence and develop-ment of three meso-β-scale convective cloud clusters,and the meso-γ-scale cyclone directly leaded to the occurrence of the local torrential rain;(6)The rainstorm occurred in the south and east areas of the water vapor front,as well as in the side of the high value area of the total column water vapor content.The formation of the water vapor front was 17 hours ahead of precipitation occurrence,and at least 24 hours ahead of the rainstorm appearence,which had a great significance in short-range and short-time weather forecast.