北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)
北京師範大學學報(自然科學版)
북경사범대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY
2014年
5期
555-562
,共8页
地表水%地下水%分布式水文模型%水量交换%黑河
地錶水%地下水%分佈式水文模型%水量交換%黑河
지표수%지하수%분포식수문모형%수량교환%흑하
surface water%groundwater%distributed hydrological model%water interaction%Heihe River
详细介绍了一个基于网格、考虑地表水-地下水转换的分布式水文模型 GISMOD.该模型由预处理程序、空间插值模块、蒸散发模块、参数设置和径流模拟5个部分组成.GISMOD不仅考虑了蓄满产流和超渗产流2种产流机制,而且提供了3种空间插值方法和8种蒸散发计算方法,具有良好的适用性.该模型将流域在水平方向上划分为若干相同大小的网格,在垂向上把土壤概化为3层,并根据不同土地利用、土壤和岩石类型设置参数,按照水位流量关系式计算不同土层间的水流交换量.黑河流域的实例研究表明,模拟结果与实际情况基本一致,即黑河流域上游地区以表层水下渗为主,在中游地区地下水反补河流.从季节上看,补给水量和下渗水量呈现出相反的变化规律,当下渗水量较高时,补给水量相应减少.最后,将模拟径流量与莺落峡实测结果进行对比,不论在日尺度还是月尺度 GISMOD均取得了较好的模拟效果.
詳細介紹瞭一箇基于網格、攷慮地錶水-地下水轉換的分佈式水文模型 GISMOD.該模型由預處理程序、空間插值模塊、蒸散髮模塊、參數設置和徑流模擬5箇部分組成.GISMOD不僅攷慮瞭蓄滿產流和超滲產流2種產流機製,而且提供瞭3種空間插值方法和8種蒸散髮計算方法,具有良好的適用性.該模型將流域在水平方嚮上劃分為若榦相同大小的網格,在垂嚮上把土壤概化為3層,併根據不同土地利用、土壤和巖石類型設置參數,按照水位流量關繫式計算不同土層間的水流交換量.黑河流域的實例研究錶明,模擬結果與實際情況基本一緻,即黑河流域上遊地區以錶層水下滲為主,在中遊地區地下水反補河流.從季節上看,補給水量和下滲水量呈現齣相反的變化規律,噹下滲水量較高時,補給水量相應減少.最後,將模擬徑流量與鶯落峽實測結果進行對比,不論在日呎度還是月呎度 GISMOD均取得瞭較好的模擬效果.
상세개소료일개기우망격、고필지표수-지하수전환적분포식수문모형 GISMOD.해모형유예처리정서、공간삽치모괴、증산발모괴、삼수설치화경류모의5개부분조성.GISMOD불부고필료축만산류화초삼산류2충산류궤제,이차제공료3충공간삽치방법화8충증산발계산방법,구유량호적괄용성.해모형장류역재수평방향상화분위약간상동대소적망격,재수향상파토양개화위3층,병근거불동토지이용、토양화암석류형설치삼수,안조수위류량관계식계산불동토층간적수류교환량.흑하류역적실례연구표명,모의결과여실제정황기본일치,즉흑하류역상유지구이표층수하삼위주,재중유지구지하수반보하류.종계절상간,보급수량화하삼수량정현출상반적변화규률,당하삼수량교고시,보급수량상응감소.최후,장모의경류량여앵락협실측결과진행대비,불론재일척도환시월척도 GISMOD균취득료교호적모의효과.
A distributed hydrological model, the Grid-based Integrated Surface-groundwater Model (GISMOD),was developed to simulate hydrological processes,considering water interaction among different soil layers. This model integrated five modules (preprocessing, interpolation, evapotranspiration, runoff simulation and parameter identification).Infiltration excess flow,saturation flow,recharge flow from soil and groundwater were all considered by simplification according to the three layers structure of GISMOD.A case study in the Heihe River basin was presented to evaluate model performance.It was found that surface water was mainly infiltrated to soil layer in the upper streams and then discharged by groundwater in the middle reaches,consistent with the actual situation of the Heihe River basin.In addition,simulated runoff of Yingluoxia hydrological station was compared with observed data.This indicated that the GISMOD had better performance in runoff estimation on both daily and monthly scales.