CAJ | 학술논문

结合遥感产品及气象站点数据,分析了黑河上中游2001-2012年蒸散发(ET)时空演变规律及分布格局,对比分析地表温度(LST)、空气温度、降雨、水汽压、相对湿度、风速6个环境因子对 ET 的影响.结果显示,2001-2012年时间段黑河上中游年 ET有略微下降趋势(R2=0.01),12 a的年平均 ET 为470.3 mm,年 ET 最小值出现在2001年,2002年发生了“突增”,2003-2007年呈现上下波动趋势,2008年发生了“突降”,2008-2012年呈现了显著上升的趋势(R2=0.97),同时上、中游区域年平均 ET呈不同的变化趋势.对整个研究区域生长季内 ET呈显著影响的因子为降雨、空气温度和水汽压.同时,由于气象条件及地表供水条件的时空变化,针对不同区域及不同植被类型,影响 ET变化的主要环境因子也发生变化,除空气温度和水汽压之外,农田ET对能量供给的太阳总辐射变化较为敏感,草地ET对水分供给的降雨变化较为敏感,林地 ET则对表征大气湍流情况的风速变化较为敏感,而灌木 ET对地表温度的变化较敏感.
결합요감산품급기상참점수거,분석료흑하상중유2001-2012년증산발(ET)시공연변규률급분포격국,대비분석지표온도(LST)、공기온도、강우、수기압、상대습도、풍속6개배경인자대 ET 적영향.결과현시,2001-2012년시간단흑하상중유년 ET유략미하강추세(R2=0.01),12 a적년평균 ET 위470.3 mm,년 ET 최소치출현재2001년,2002년발생료“돌증”,2003-2007년정현상하파동추세,2008년발생료“돌강”,2008-2012년정현료현저상승적추세(R2=0.97),동시상、중유구역년평균 ET정불동적변화추세.대정개연구구역생장계내 ET정현저영향적인자위강우、공기온도화수기압.동시,유우기상조건급지표공수조건적시공변화,침대불동구역급불동식피류형,영향 ET변화적주요배경인자야발생변화,제공기온도화수기압지외,농전ET대능량공급적태양총복사변화교위민감,초지ET대수분공급적강우변화교위민감,임지 ET칙대표정대기단류정황적풍속변화교위민감,이관목 ET대지표온도적변화교민감.
Temporal-spatial ET variations in the Heihe River basin from 2001 2012 was analyzed,and impacts of meteorological and hydrological factors including surface temperature, air temperature, vapor pressure,wind speed,precipitation and relative air humidity on ET during vegetation growth seasons were analyzed.It was found that annual ET in the Heihe River basin from 2001 2012 showed insignificant decreasing trend (R2=0.01),average annual ET in the 12 years was 470 mm.Minimum annual ET appeared in 2001,and fluctuated from 2002 2007 after a sharp increase in 2002,a sharp declination happened in 2008, followed by a significant increase from 2008 2012 (R2 =0.97).Annual ET in upper and middle reaches showed different variations from 2001 2012. Precipitation, air temperature and vapor pressure were significantly correlated to ET.Due to the temporal-spatial variations in meteorological condition and surface water supply,the main factors influencing ET variation were different for different area and different vegetation types.With the exception of air temperature and vapor pressure,ET over crop-land was more sensitive to solar radiation;ET over grassland was more sensitive to precipitation;ET over forests was more sensitive to wind speed,ET over shrubland was more sensitive to land surface temperature.