CAJ | 학술논문

采用流化床焚烧炉进行焚烧实验,研究了烟气中颗粒物形态 Pb 和 Cd 的排放规律以及炉内添加高岭土粉末对 Pb、Cd排放的影响。用低压冲击器分级采集颗粒物,原子吸收分光光度计检测 Pb、Cd 浓度,用扫描电镜/ X 射线衍射/能谱仪观察高岭土吸附重金属前后表面形貌和反应物的种类并检测表面元素分布。结果表明,PM10中90%以上的 Pb 和85%以上的 Cd 分布在亚微米颗粒物中；在焚烧炉内,Pb 比 Cd 更易于向 PM10中迁移。高温下高岭土与重金属 Pb、Cd 蒸气反应而产生共晶融化,随温度升高融化量逐渐增加。共晶融化可以促使颗粒相互黏附,促进亚微米重金属向粗颗粒中迁移。添加高岭土可以有效控制亚微米 Pb、Cd 排放,对亚微米 Pb 的最高吸附效率达83%,对亚微米 Cd 的最高效率达50%。高岭土对 Pb 吸附效率顺序为950℃>1000℃>850℃>900℃；高岭土与 Cd 反应所需的温度较高,直至1000℃时才具有明显吸附效果。
채용류화상분소로진행분소실험,연구료연기중과립물형태 Pb 화 Cd 적배방규률이급로내첨가고령토분말대 Pb、Cd배방적영향。용저압충격기분급채집과립물,원자흡수분광광도계검측 Pb、Cd 농도,용소묘전경/ X 사선연사/능보의관찰고령토흡부중금속전후표면형모화반응물적충류병검측표면원소분포。결과표명,PM10중90%이상적 Pb 화85%이상적 Cd 분포재아미미과립물중；재분소로내,Pb 비 Cd 경역우향 PM10중천이。고온하고령토여중금속 Pb、Cd 증기반응이산생공정융화,수온도승고융화량축점증가。공정융화가이촉사과립상호점부,촉진아미미중금속향조과립중천이。첨가고령토가이유효공제아미미 Pb、Cd 배방,대아미미 Pb 적최고흡부효솔체83%,대아미미 Cd 적최고효솔체50%。고령토대 Pb 흡부효솔순서위950℃>1000℃>850℃>900℃；고령토여 Cd 반응소수적온도교고,직지1000℃시재구유명현흡부효과。
The distribution characteristic of lead and cadmium in PM10 was investigated in a fluidized bedincinerator with kaolin as sorbent to control their emissions. The low pressure impactor ( LPI) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) were used to detect the size distribution of Pb and Cd in flue gas. Thescanning electron microscope / X-ray diffraction / energy disperse spectroscopy ( SEM/ XRD/ EDS) was used to observe the surface morphology and element distribution, respectively. More than 90% of particulate Pb and 85% of particulate Cd in flue gas are enriched in submicron particles. The volatilization of Pb is significantlyhigher than that of Cd. The reactions of Pb and Cd with kaolin powders can induce the eutectic-melt at high temperature, and its amount increases with the temperature rising. The melted kaolin particles conglutinate tolarger particles which can shift the metals in flue gas from the fine to coarse particles. The addition of kaolin can effectively absorb submicron Pb and Cd. The best absorption efficiencies are up to 80% and 50% respectively.For submicron Pb absorption , the optimum incineration temperature is 950 ℃. For submicron Cd absorption, the reaction temperature is much higher; the obvious absorption process occurs until 1 000 ℃.