CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加谷氨酸对生长中期草鱼肌肉品质的影响。试验选取初始体重为（370．0±3．8） g的健康草鱼540尾，随机分为3组，每组3个重复，每个重复60尾鱼。3组草鱼分别饲喂谷氨酸添加水平为0（对照）、0．8％和1．6％的试验饲料，试验期为56 d。结果表明：饲料中添加0．8％和1．6％的谷氨酸显著降低了肌纤维直径（P＜0．05），显著提高了肌纤维密度（ P＜0．05），但对肌肉横截面积和pH无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。饲料中添加0．8％和1．6％的谷氨酸显著提高了肌肉硬度、弹性、咀嚼性和胶黏性（P＜0．05），而对肌肉黏聚性无显著影响（P＞0．05）。饲料中添加0．8％和1．6％的谷氨酸对肌肉常规营养成分和氨基酸组成均无显著影响（P＞0．05）。饲料中添加0．8％和1．6％的谷氨酸显著提高了肌肉肌苷酸含量（P＜0．05）。此外，饲料中添加0．8％的谷氨酸还可显著提高肌苷酸合成关键酶腺苷琥珀酸裂解酶mRNA的相对表达量（ P＜0．05）。本结果揭示，饲料中添加谷氨酸可改善生长中期草鱼的肌纤维结构和肌肉质构特性，提高肌肉中风味物质肌苷酸的含量，从而改善肌肉品质。
본시험지재연구사료중첨가곡안산대생장중기초어기육품질적영향。시험선취초시체중위（370．0±3．8） g적건강초어540미，수궤분위3조，매조3개중복，매개중복60미어。3조초어분별사위곡안산첨가수평위0（대조）、0．8％화1．6％적시험사료，시험기위56 d。결과표명：사료중첨가0．8％화1．6％적곡안산현저강저료기섬유직경（P＜0．05），현저제고료기섬유밀도（ P＜0．05），단대기육횡절면적화pH무현저영향（ P＞0．05）。사료중첨가0．8％화1．6％적곡안산현저제고료기육경도、탄성、저작성화효점성（P＜0．05），이대기육점취성무현저영향（P＞0．05）。사료중첨가0．8％화1．6％적곡안산대기육상규영양성분화안기산조성균무현저영향（P＞0．05）。사료중첨가0．8％화1．6％적곡안산현저제고료기육기감산함량（P＜0．05）。차외，사료중첨가0．8％적곡안산환가현저제고기감산합성관건매선감호박산렬해매mRNA적상대표체량（ P＜0．05）。본결과게시，사료중첨가곡안산가개선생장중기초어적기섬유결구화기육질구특성，제고기육중풍미물질기감산적함량，종이개선기육품질。
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary glutamate on muscle quality of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) during middle growth period. A total of 540 grass carp with the initial body weight of (370.0±3.8) g were randomly allocated 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 60 fish per replicate. The fish in the 3 groups were fed 3 experimental diets with the glutamate supplemental levels of 0 ( control) , 0.8% and 1.6%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:dietary supplementation with 0.8% and 1.6% glutamate significantly decreased the muscle fiber diameter ( P<0.05), and significantly increased the muscle fiber density (P<0.05), but did not significantly affect the mus-cle cross sectional area and pH ( P>0.05) . Dietary supplementation with 0.8% and 1.6% glutamate significant-ly increased the muscle hardness, springiness, chewiness and gumminess ( P<0.05) , but did not significantly affect the muscle cohesiveness ( P>0.05) . Dietary supplementation with 0.8% and 1.6% glutamate did not sig-nificantly affect the composition of conventional nutrients and amino acids in muscle ( P>0.05) . The content of inosine monophosphate in muscle was significantly increased by dietary supplementation with 0.8% and 1.6%glutamate ( P<0.05) . Moreover, the relative expression level of adenylosuccinate lyase mRNA in muscle was significantly increased by dietary supplementation with 0.8% glutamate (P<0.05). These results indicate that dietary glutamate can improve the muscle fiber structure and muscle texture characteristics, and increase the content of muscle flavor substance-inosine monophosphate, which improve the muscle quality of grass carp during middle growth period.