CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在利用长期人工瘤胃系统---Rusitec系统研究不同精粗比饲粮中添加壳聚糖对体外瘤胃发酵甲烷产量和发酵特性的影响。采用2×2两因子试验设计，2个因子分别为饲粮精粗比[30∶70（低精料饲粮）和70∶30（高精料饲粮）]和是否添加壳聚糖（0和1500 mg/罐），共构成4组，每组4个重复。结果表明：与低精料饲粮相比，高精料饲粮显著降低了甲烷产量，中性洗涤纤维和粗蛋白质的降解率，发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度（ P＜0．05），显著提高了总产气量和丙酸含量（ P＜0．05）；添加壳聚糖显著降低了甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质的降解率、发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度（ P＜0．05），显著提高了丙酸含量（ P＜0．05）；在甲烷产量和总产气量，粗蛋白质的降解率，0、6 h发酵液氨氮浓度，0、12 h发酵液乙酸/丙酸上，2个因子存在互作（ P＜0．05），高精料饲粮中添加壳聚糖对甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质降解率、发酵液氨氮浓度的降低幅度大于低精料饲粮，对总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和乙酸/丙酸的降低幅度小于低精料饲粮。以上结果表明，改变饲粮的精粗比和添加壳聚糖均能够改变瘤胃发酵模式，且二者之间存在互作，壳聚糖在精粗比为70∶30的饲粮中添加效果优于精粗比为30∶70的饲粮。
본시험지재이용장기인공류위계통---Rusitec계통연구불동정조비사량중첨가각취당대체외류위발효갑완산량화발효특성적영향。채용2×2량인자시험설계，2개인자분별위사량정조비[30∶70（저정료사량）화70∶30（고정료사량）]화시부첨가각취당（0화1500 mg/관），공구성4조，매조4개중복。결과표명：여저정료사량상비，고정료사량현저강저료갑완산량，중성세조섬유화조단백질적강해솔，발효액을산화정산함량、을산/병산、안담농도（ P＜0．05），현저제고료총산기량화병산함량（ P＜0．05）；첨가각취당현저강저료갑완산량화총산기량、조단백질적강해솔、발효액을산화정산함량、을산/병산、안담농도（ P＜0．05），현저제고료병산함량（ P＜0．05）；재갑완산량화총산기량，조단백질적강해솔，0、6 h발효액안담농도，0、12 h발효액을산/병산상，2개인자존재호작（ P＜0．05），고정료사량중첨가각취당대갑완산량화총산기량、조단백질강해솔、발효액안담농도적강저폭도대우저정료사량，대총휘발성지방산농도화을산/병산적강저폭도소우저정료사량。이상결과표명，개변사량적정조비화첨가각취당균능구개변류위발효모식，차이자지간존재호작，각취당재정조비위70∶30적사량중첨가효과우우정조비위30∶70적사량。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan supplementation in diets with different concentrate to forage ratios on methane production, and fermentation characteristics of in vitro ruminal fermentation using long-term artificial rumen system-Rusitec system. A 2 × 2 two factors experimental design was adopted. The two factors were dietary concentrate to forage ratios [ 30∶70 ( low concentrate diet) and 70∶30 ( high concentrate diet) ] , and with or without chitosan supplementation ( 0 and 1 500 mg/tank) . Four groups with four replicates were composed. The results showed as follows: compared with the low concentrate diet, high concentrate diet significantly decreased methane production, neutral detergent fiber and crude protein degradation rates, as well as acetic acid and butyric acid contents, acetic acid to acrylic acid ratio and ammonia nitrogen concentration of fermentation fluid (P<0.05), and significantly increased total gas production and propionic acid content (P<0.05); the supplementation of chitosan significantly decreased methane and total gas production, crude protein degradation rate, as well as acetic acid and butyric acid contents, acetic acid to acrylic acid ratio and ammonia nitrogen concentration of fermentation fluid (P<0.05), and significantly in-creased propionic acid content ( P<0.05);there were interaction effects between concentrate to forage ratio and chitosan on methane and total gas production, crude protein degradation rate, ammonia nitrogen concentration of fermentation fluid at 0 and 6 h and acetic acid to acrylic acid ratio of fermentation fluid at 0 and 12 h ( P<0.05) , methane and total gas production, crude protein degradation rate and ammonia nitrogen concentration of fermentation fluid were decreased by the supplementation of chitosan in high concentrate diet at a bigger range than that in low concentrate diet, while total volatile fatty acid concentration and acetic acid to acrylic acid ratio were decreased by the supplementation of chitosan in high concentrate diet at a lower range than that in low concentrate diet. In conclusion, changing of dietary concentrate to forage ratio and chitosan supplemen-tation both can modify ruminal fermentation pattern, there is an interaction between the two factors, and the effects of chitosan supplementation in diets with 70∶30 of concentrate to forage ratio are better than those with 30∶70.