动物营养学报
動物營養學報
동물영양학보
ACTA ZOONUTRIMENTA SINICA
2014年
11期
3404-3413
,共10页
刘成玲%赵峰%左建军%王钰明%张莉%高理想%张宏福
劉成玲%趙峰%左建軍%王鈺明%張莉%高理想%張宏福
류성령%조봉%좌건군%왕옥명%장리%고이상%장굉복
生长猪%回肠末端%食糜流量%指示剂回收率%变异
生長豬%迴腸末耑%食糜流量%指示劑迴收率%變異
생장저%회장말단%식미류량%지시제회수솔%변이
growing pigs%terminal ileum%digesta flow%recovery rate of index%variation
食糜样品的代表性是研究养分在猪体内消化过程的关键。通过T型瘘管获得的代表性食糜采样方案必须基于瘘管中食糜养分的流量及指示剂的回收率。本试验以4头在回肠末端安装瘘管的生长猪[(21.3±1.0) kg]为试验对象,饲喂玉米-豆粕型饲粮。采用3×16双因素完全随机设计,其中采样日设3个水平,即试验期第8、9、10天。日内采样时间设16个水平,即08:00~24:00,每小时通过瘘管采集1次回肠食糜样品,记录鲜食糜的重量并分析食糜样品中总能,干物质、粗蛋白质及三氧化二铬的含量。研究结果如下:1)双因素方差分析表明,日内采样时间显著地影响了瘘管中食糜的鲜食糜、干物质、总能、粗蛋白质和三氧化二铬的流量(P<0.05);在采样日间,瘘管中食糜的鲜食糜、干物质、粗蛋白质和三氧化二铬的日内平均流量均无显著性差异( P>0.05),但回肠末端食糜的总能流量有显著性差异( P<0.05)。2)日内16 h累计流经回肠瘘管的食糜及全天流经回肠末端的食糜在干物质、总能、粗蛋白质总流量的日间变异上有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中试验期第8天的流量均显著地高于第9、10天的相应值(P<0.05),而第9、10天间流量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。通过瘘管连续收集16 h回肠末端食糜的各养分流量占全天流经回肠末端食糜相应养分总流量的比例都在68%以上,且不同采样日间无显著性差异( P>0.05)。3)通过回肠末端瘘管收集日内16 h食糜的三氧化二铬总流量及回收率在日间无显著性差异(P>0.05),平均回收率为72.9%,变异系数为6.87%。上述结果表明,在3d的收集中,后面2d回肠末端食糜养分的平均流量相对稳定。这2d采食后8h连续收集食糜有较好的代表性。建议3d采样中,第1天作为采样预试期,后面2d作为采样正试期。
食糜樣品的代錶性是研究養分在豬體內消化過程的關鍵。通過T型瘺管穫得的代錶性食糜採樣方案必鬚基于瘺管中食糜養分的流量及指示劑的迴收率。本試驗以4頭在迴腸末耑安裝瘺管的生長豬[(21.3±1.0) kg]為試驗對象,飼餵玉米-豆粕型飼糧。採用3×16雙因素完全隨機設計,其中採樣日設3箇水平,即試驗期第8、9、10天。日內採樣時間設16箇水平,即08:00~24:00,每小時通過瘺管採集1次迴腸食糜樣品,記錄鮮食糜的重量併分析食糜樣品中總能,榦物質、粗蛋白質及三氧化二鉻的含量。研究結果如下:1)雙因素方差分析錶明,日內採樣時間顯著地影響瞭瘺管中食糜的鮮食糜、榦物質、總能、粗蛋白質和三氧化二鉻的流量(P<0.05);在採樣日間,瘺管中食糜的鮮食糜、榦物質、粗蛋白質和三氧化二鉻的日內平均流量均無顯著性差異( P>0.05),但迴腸末耑食糜的總能流量有顯著性差異( P<0.05)。2)日內16 h纍計流經迴腸瘺管的食糜及全天流經迴腸末耑的食糜在榦物質、總能、粗蛋白質總流量的日間變異上有顯著性差異(P<0.05),其中試驗期第8天的流量均顯著地高于第9、10天的相應值(P<0.05),而第9、10天間流量無顯著性差異(P>0.05)。通過瘺管連續收集16 h迴腸末耑食糜的各養分流量佔全天流經迴腸末耑食糜相應養分總流量的比例都在68%以上,且不同採樣日間無顯著性差異( P>0.05)。3)通過迴腸末耑瘺管收集日內16 h食糜的三氧化二鉻總流量及迴收率在日間無顯著性差異(P>0.05),平均迴收率為72.9%,變異繫數為6.87%。上述結果錶明,在3d的收集中,後麵2d迴腸末耑食糜養分的平均流量相對穩定。這2d採食後8h連續收集食糜有較好的代錶性。建議3d採樣中,第1天作為採樣預試期,後麵2d作為採樣正試期。
식미양품적대표성시연구양분재저체내소화과정적관건。통과T형루관획득적대표성식미채양방안필수기우루관중식미양분적류량급지시제적회수솔。본시험이4두재회장말단안장루관적생장저[(21.3±1.0) kg]위시험대상,사위옥미-두박형사량。채용3×16쌍인소완전수궤설계,기중채양일설3개수평,즉시험기제8、9、10천。일내채양시간설16개수평,즉08:00~24:00,매소시통과루관채집1차회장식미양품,기록선식미적중량병분석식미양품중총능,간물질、조단백질급삼양화이락적함량。연구결과여하:1)쌍인소방차분석표명,일내채양시간현저지영향료루관중식미적선식미、간물질、총능、조단백질화삼양화이락적류량(P<0.05);재채양일간,루관중식미적선식미、간물질、조단백질화삼양화이락적일내평균류량균무현저성차이( P>0.05),단회장말단식미적총능류량유현저성차이( P<0.05)。2)일내16 h루계류경회장루관적식미급전천류경회장말단적식미재간물질、총능、조단백질총류량적일간변이상유현저성차이(P<0.05),기중시험기제8천적류량균현저지고우제9、10천적상응치(P<0.05),이제9、10천간류량무현저성차이(P>0.05)。통과루관련속수집16 h회장말단식미적각양분류량점전천류경회장말단식미상응양분총류량적비례도재68%이상,차불동채양일간무현저성차이( P>0.05)。3)통과회장말단루관수집일내16 h식미적삼양화이락총류량급회수솔재일간무현저성차이(P>0.05),평균회수솔위72.9%,변이계수위6.87%。상술결과표명,재3d적수집중,후면2d회장말단식미양분적평균류량상대은정。저2d채식후8h련속수집식미유교호적대표성。건의3d채양중,제1천작위채양예시기,후면2d작위채양정시기。
Representation of digesta samples is crucial to study on the in vivo digestion process of dietary nutri-ents in pigs, thereby, sampling scheme for representative digesta has to be based on the nutrients flow and the recovery of inert marker in digesta collected with T-cannula in pigs. In current experiment, 4 growing pigs [(21.3±1.0) kg] fitted with T-cannulas at the terminal ileum were fed with a corn-soybean meal diet in indi-vidual metabolic crate. Three digesta collection days for the 8th, 9th, 10th and 16th hourly digesta collection time from 08:00 to 24:00 per day were used in a 3×16 factorial arrangement. Hourly digesta was collected and weighed, then analyzed for gross energy and dry matter, crude protein and chromic oxide (Cr2O3) content. The results showed as follows:1) using two-way ANOVA, collection time significantly affected the flow of fresh digesta, dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and Cr2O3 in cannula (P<0.05). No significant differ-ences were observed for the daily mean flow in each of fresh digesta, dry matter, crude protein and Cr2O3 a-mong 3 collection days ( P>0.05) , whereas, flow of gross energy was excluded ( P<0.05) . 2) The collection day significantly affected the accumulative flow of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein for 16 h in cannula and 24 h at terminal ileum ( P<0.05) . The both of accumulative flow in the 8th day of experiment period were greater than these in the 9th and 10th days ( P<0.05) , whereas no significant difference was observed for the 9th and 10th days ( P>0.05) . The accumulative flow of each nutrient for 16 h in T-cannula was greater than 68.0% of that passed the intestine in 24 h at terminal ileum. No significant difference was observed for this per-centage among collection days (P>0.05).3) No significant daily difference was observed for the Cr2O3 flow collected for 16 h with T-cannula and the recovery rate of Cr2O3, respectively(P>0.05). The mean and coeffi-cient of variation (CV) of recovery rate of Cr2O3 was 72.9% and 6.87%, respectively. In conclusion, during 3 days collection, a stable nutrients flow at terminal ileum is present in the last 2 days. Two continuous 8 hours collection after feeding can get satisfactory representative digesta sample. In a 3-day-collection period, the first day and following 2 days are suggested to be adaption and regular collection of digesta samples, respectively.