CAJ | 학술논문

采用密闭微波技术对7种常见人参皂苷单体( Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re和Rg1)进行降解,通过高效液相色谱( HPLC)分析并与相同条件下非微波降解物对比,研究了密闭微波降解人参皂苷的产物在化学结构及组成上的变化规律,以期快速、高效地制备生物活性高的稀有人参皂苷.结果表明,密闭式微波降解法能够使常见人参皂苷基本降解完全,而相同条件下非微波降解法则基本不发生降解.原人参二醇型人参皂苷易水解掉C20位糖,并发生C20位构型变化,生成20(R)-Rg3和20(S)-Rg3,其中20-(R)为优势构型, C20位羟基进一步脱水产生稀有人参皂苷Rk1和Rg5.同时,20(S/R)-Rg3失去C3位的1分子葡萄糖转化为20(S/R)-Rh2, C20位羟基再进一步脱水生成了 Rk2和Rh3.此外,人参皂苷C20位所连的糖种类与构型影响了降解产物中各稀有皂苷的组成与比例,但7种原人参二醇型人参皂苷密闭式微波降解产物中Rg5含量均为最高.密闭式微波降解对原三醇型人参皂苷的转化作用与原二醇型人参皂苷具有相似的规律,人参皂苷Re和Rg1的密闭式微波降解产物中Rh4含量均为最高.本文结果进一步说明在相同的降解条件下,密闭式微波降解法的降解效率远高于高温高压非微波降解法,密闭式微波降解可明显促进常见人参皂苷向稀有人参皂苷转化,因此采用密闭微波技术对常见人参皂苷进行降解可以大量获得稀有人参皂苷.
채용밀폐미파기술대7충상견인삼조감단체( Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re화Rg1)진행강해,통과고효액상색보( HPLC)분석병여상동조건하비미파강해물대비,연구료밀폐미파강해인삼조감적산물재화학결구급조성상적변화규률,이기쾌속、고효지제비생물활성고적희유인삼조감.결과표명,밀폐식미파강해법능구사상견인삼조감기본강해완전,이상동조건하비미파강해법칙기본불발생강해.원인삼이순형인삼조감역수해도C20위당,병발생C20위구형변화,생성20(R)-Rg3화20(S)-Rg3,기중20-(R)위우세구형, C20위간기진일보탈수산생희유인삼조감Rk1화Rg5.동시,20(S/R)-Rg3실거C3위적1분자포도당전화위20(S/R)-Rh2, C20위간기재진일보탈수생성료 Rk2화Rh3.차외,인삼조감C20위소련적당충류여구형영향료강해산물중각희유조감적조성여비례,단7충원인삼이순형인삼조감밀폐식미파강해산물중Rg5함량균위최고.밀폐식미파강해대원삼순형인삼조감적전화작용여원이순형인삼조감구유상사적규률,인삼조감Re화Rg1적밀폐식미파강해산물중Rh4함량균위최고.본문결과진일보설명재상동적강해조건하,밀폐식미파강해법적강해효솔원고우고온고압비미파강해법,밀폐식미파강해가명현촉진상견인삼조감향희유인삼조감전화,인차채용밀폐미파기술대상견인삼조감진행강해가이대량획득희유인삼조감.
In order to prepare the rare ginsenosides which were considered to have higher bioactivities, con-fined microwave method to promote the degradation of 7 kinds of major ginsenosides ( Rb1 , Rb2 , Rb3 , Rc, Rd, Re, Rg1 ) to rare ginsenosides were adopted. Comparing with the degradation products of non-microwave method at the same condition, the rules of conversion about the structures and ingredients of degradation products were concluded by HPLC analysis. The results indicated that confined microwave method can com-pletely degrade all the major ginsenosides, while nearly no major ginsenosides can be degraded under the same condition of non-microwave method. Protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were easily deglycosylated at C20, where the conformational changes would take place. It would generate 20 ( S )-Rg3 and 20 ( R )-Rg3 among which the R-type was the superior configuration. Dehydration effect of the hydroxyl at C20 made 20(S/R)-Rg3 convert to Rk1 and Rg5, meanwhile the losing of glucose of 20(S/R)-Rg3 at C3 position made the generation of 20(S/R)-Rh2. After further dehydration at C20 position, 20 ( S/R)-Rh2 converted to Rk2 and Rh3. Moreover, the configurations of glycosyls at C20 of ginsenosides would affect the proportion and composition of rare ginse-nosides in degradation products, but Rg5 reached highest content in all confined microwave degrada-tion products of 7 kinds of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. Protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides had similar rules with protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides by the confined microwave degradation method, and the products of Re and Rg1 were determined in the highest content of Rh4 .