CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究幼鱼阶段团头鲂对饲料中铜（ Cu）的需要量，以体重50 g左右的团头鲂为试验对象，以五水硫酸铜（CuSO4·5H2O）为Cu源配制5种半纯化饲料。5种半纯化饲料中Cu的添加量分别为0、5、10、15、20 mg/kg，实测饲料中 Cu含量分别为16．73、21．11、25．24、29．87、34．58 mg/kg。将400尾试验鱼随机分为5组，每组4个重复，每个重复20尾鱼，每组饲喂1种半纯化饲料，在池塘网箱中养殖43 d。结果表明：团头鲂的特定生长率随着饲料中Cu添加量的增加呈先升后降的趋势， Cu 添加量为10 mg/kg 的组的特定生长率显著高于其他4组（ P＜0．05），而饲料系数则呈相反的变化趋势。经回归分析，具有最大特定生长率时饲料中Cu添加量为9．94 mg/kg，此时饲料中Cu含量为25．45 mg/kg；具有最小饲料系数时饲料中Cu添加量为10．16 mg/kg，此时饲料中Cu含量为25．65 mg/kg。饲料中添加Cu后团头鲂的脊椎骨长/体长、脊椎骨重/体重均有所增加，其中Cu添加量为20 mg/kg的组脊椎骨长/体长较未添加Cu的组显著增加（ P＜0．05），Cu添加量为5、15、20 mg/kg的组脊椎骨重/体重较未添加Cu的组显著增加（ P＜0．05）；随着饲料中Cu添加量的增加，内脏指数呈下降趋势，并在Cu添加量为20 mg/kg的组达到最小值，显著低于未添加Cu的组（ P＜0．05）。随着饲料中Cu添加量的增加，团头鲂的蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率均呈先升后降的趋势，Cu添加量为10 mg/kg的组的脂肪沉积率显著高于其他4组（ P＜0．05），且该组的蛋白质沉积率显著高于未添加 Cu 和 Cu 添加量为20 mg/kg的组（ P＜0．05）。经回归分析，具有最大蛋白质沉积率时饲料中 Cu 的添加量为9．62 mg/kg，此时饲料中Cu含量为25．17 mg/kg；具有最大脂肪沉积率时饲料中Cu的添加量为10．15 mg/kg，此时饲料中Cu含量为25．64 mg/kg。综合考虑团头鲂的特定生长率、饲料系数、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率，得到幼鱼阶段团头鲂对饲料中Cu的需要量为25．17～25．65 mg/kg。為瞭研究幼魚階段糰頭魴對飼料中銅（ Cu）的需要量，以體重50 g左右的糰頭魴為試驗對象，以五水硫痠銅（CuSO4·5H2O）為Cu源配製5種半純化飼料。5種半純化飼料中Cu的添加量分彆為0、5、10、15、20 mg/kg，實測飼料中 Cu含量分彆為16．73、21．11、25．24、29．87、34．58 mg/kg。將400尾試驗魚隨機分為5組，每組4箇重複，每箇重複20尾魚，每組飼餵1種半純化飼料，在池塘網箱中養殖43 d。結果錶明：糰頭魴的特定生長率隨著飼料中Cu添加量的增加呈先升後降的趨勢， Cu 添加量為10 mg/kg 的組的特定生長率顯著高于其他4組（ P＜0．05），而飼料繫數則呈相反的變化趨勢。經迴歸分析，具有最大特定生長率時飼料中Cu添加量為9．94 mg/kg，此時飼料中Cu含量為25．45 mg/kg；具有最小飼料繫數時飼料中Cu添加量為10．16 mg/kg，此時飼料中Cu含量為25．65 mg/kg。飼料中添加Cu後糰頭魴的脊椎骨長/體長、脊椎骨重/體重均有所增加，其中Cu添加量為20 mg/kg的組脊椎骨長/體長較未添加Cu的組顯著增加（ P＜0．05），Cu添加量為5、15、20 mg/kg的組脊椎骨重/體重較未添加Cu的組顯著增加（ P＜0．05）；隨著飼料中Cu添加量的增加，內髒指數呈下降趨勢，併在Cu添加量為20 mg/kg的組達到最小值，顯著低于未添加Cu的組（ P＜0．05）。隨著飼料中Cu添加量的增加，糰頭魴的蛋白質沉積率、脂肪沉積率均呈先升後降的趨勢，Cu添加量為10 mg/kg的組的脂肪沉積率顯著高于其他4組（ P＜0．05），且該組的蛋白質沉積率顯著高于未添加 Cu 和 Cu 添加量為20 mg/kg的組（ P＜0．05）。經迴歸分析，具有最大蛋白質沉積率時飼料中 Cu 的添加量為9．62 mg/kg，此時飼料中Cu含量為25．17 mg/kg；具有最大脂肪沉積率時飼料中Cu的添加量為10．15 mg/kg，此時飼料中Cu含量為25．64 mg/kg。綜閤攷慮糰頭魴的特定生長率、飼料繫數、蛋白質沉積率、脂肪沉積率，得到幼魚階段糰頭魴對飼料中Cu的需要量為25．17～25．65 mg/kg。
위료연구유어계단단두방대사료중동（ Cu）적수요량，이체중50 g좌우적단두방위시험대상，이오수류산동（CuSO4·5H2O）위Cu원배제5충반순화사료。5충반순화사료중Cu적첨가량분별위0、5、10、15、20 mg/kg，실측사료중 Cu함량분별위16．73、21．11、25．24、29．87、34．58 mg/kg。장400미시험어수궤분위5조，매조4개중복，매개중복20미어，매조사위1충반순화사료，재지당망상중양식43 d。결과표명：단두방적특정생장솔수착사료중Cu첨가량적증가정선승후강적추세， Cu 첨가량위10 mg/kg 적조적특정생장솔현저고우기타4조（ P＜0．05），이사료계수칙정상반적변화추세。경회귀분석，구유최대특정생장솔시사료중Cu첨가량위9．94 mg/kg，차시사료중Cu함량위25．45 mg/kg；구유최소사료계수시사료중Cu첨가량위10．16 mg/kg，차시사료중Cu함량위25．65 mg/kg。사료중첨가Cu후단두방적척추골장/체장、척추골중/체중균유소증가，기중Cu첨가량위20 mg/kg적조척추골장/체장교미첨가Cu적조현저증가（ P＜0．05），Cu첨가량위5、15、20 mg/kg적조척추골중/체중교미첨가Cu적조현저증가（ P＜0．05）；수착사료중Cu첨가량적증가，내장지수정하강추세，병재Cu첨가량위20 mg/kg적조체도최소치，현저저우미첨가Cu적조（ P＜0．05）。수착사료중Cu첨가량적증가，단두방적단백질침적솔、지방침적솔균정선승후강적추세，Cu첨가량위10 mg/kg적조적지방침적솔현저고우기타4조（ P＜0．05），차해조적단백질침적솔현저고우미첨가 Cu 화 Cu 첨가량위20 mg/kg적조（ P＜0．05）。경회귀분석，구유최대단백질침적솔시사료중 Cu 적첨가량위9．62 mg/kg，차시사료중Cu함량위25．17 mg/kg；구유최대지방침적솔시사료중Cu적첨가량위10．15 mg/kg，차시사료중Cu함량위25．64 mg/kg。종합고필단두방적특정생장솔、사료계수、단백질침적솔、지방침적솔，득도유어계단단두방대사료중Cu적수요량위25．17～25．65 mg/kg。
In order to estimate the dietary copper ( Cu) requirement of bluntnose black bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala) in juvenile fish stage, 5 semi-purified diets with different Cu supplementation of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg ( measured values of Cu contents in 5 diets were 16. 73, 21. 11, 25. 24, 29. 87 and 34.58 mg/kg, respectively) were formulated with CuSO4·5H2O as the Cu source. A total of 400 bluntnose black bream with an initial body weight about 50 g were used as experimental animal and randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 bluntnose black bream per replicate. Each group of fish was fed one diet for 43 days which cultured with net-cage in pond. The results showed as follows:with the Cu supplementa-tion increasing, the specific growth rate ( SGR) of bluntnose black bream was firstly increased and then de-creased, and the SGR in the group with the Cu supplementation of 10 mg/kg was significantly higher than that in the other groups ( P<0.05) , while the feed conversion ratio ( FCR) had an opposite trend. Through regres-sion analysis, when ditary Cu supplementation was 9. 94 mg/kg, equivalent to ditary Cu content was 25.45 mg/kg, the bluntnose black bream had the maximum of SGR; when ditary Cu supplementation was 10.16 mg/kg, equivalent to ditary Cu content was 25.65 mg/kg, the bluntnose black bream had the minimum of FCR. The spine length/body length and spine weight/body weight of bluntnose black bream were increased after supplemented Cu in diets, and the spine length/body length in the group with the Cu supplementation of 20 mg/kg and the spine weight/body weight in the groups with the Cu supplementation of 5, 15 and 20 mg/kg were significantly higher than those in the group without Cu supplementation (P<0.05). The visceral index showed a down trend with the Cu supplementation increasing, and the minimum of visceral index was found in the group with the Cu supplementation of 20 mg/kg, which significantly lower than that in the group without Cu supplementation (P<0.05). With the Cu supplementation increasing, the protein deposition rate and fat deposition rate of bluntnose black bream were firstly increased and then decreased, and the fat deposition rate in the group with the Cu supplementation of 10 mg/kg was significantly higher than that in the other groups ( P<0.05) , while the protein deposition rate in this group was significantly higher than that in the groups with the Cu supplementation of 20 mg/kg and without Cu supplementation. Through regression analysis, when ditary Cu supplementation was 9.62 mg/kg, equivalent to ditary Cu content was 25.17 mg/kg, the bluntnose black bream had the maximum of protein deposition rate;when ditary Cu supplementation was 10.15 mg/kg, equiv-alent to ditary Cu content was 25. 64 mg/kg, the bluntnose black bream had the maximum of fat deposition rate. Then, by a comprehensive consideration of the SGR, FCR, protein deposition rate and fat deposition rate of bluntnose black bream, dietary Cu requirement of bluntnose black bream in juvenile fish stage is 25. 17 to 25.65 mg/kg.