CAJ | 학술논문

原油组分复杂，如何进行有效组分分离与鉴定，对了解原油性质、油田有效开发、原油炼制及应用具有重要作用。本文选取中国典型油田原油(大庆、玉门)，通过柱层析法对原油组分进行了四组分分离，碱溶法对酸性组分进行了分离。采用红外光谱、元素分析等测试手段对分离的各个组分进行了鉴定。结果表明，柱层析法分离得到的四组分具有显著特征，饱和分，芳香份，胶质，沥青质特征官能团明显。原油组分的分离及鉴定，对深化认识原油性质具有重要意义。
원유조분복잡，여하진행유효조분분리여감정，대료해원유성질、유전유효개발、원유련제급응용구유중요작용。본문선취중국전형유전원유(대경、옥문)，통과주층석법대원유조분진행료사조분분리，감용법대산성조분진행료분리。채용홍외광보、원소분석등측시수단대분리적각개조분진행료감정。결과표명，주층석법분리득도적사조분구유현저특정，포화분，방향빈，효질，력청질특정관능단명현。원유조분적분리급감정，대심화인식원유성질구유중요의의。
Separation and identification of crude oil components was important for understanding complex crude oil component, especially for oilfield development, oil refining and application. Four component and acidic component of crude oil selected from Daqing and Yumen Oilfield were separated by column chromatography method and alkali solution method, respectively. The identification of these components were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The results suggested that four component of crude oil, saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltene had obvious characteristics separated from column chromatography. Separation and identification of the oil components was significance to deepen the understanding of the nature of crude oil.