CAJ | 학술논문

采用生物质材料制备比表面积大、微孔结构发达的活性炭,对于缓解资源紧缺、拓展活性炭在气相吸附和双电层电容器等方面的应用具有重大意义.以汉麻秆为原料、KOH 为活化剂制备活性炭,通过正交试验探讨碱炭比、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭得率和碘吸附值的影响；采用场电镜、孔径分析仪对样品的微孔结构进行分析.结果表明,影响活性炭得率和碘吸附值的最显著因素分别为碱炭比和活化温度,在碱炭比4∶1、活化温度900℃、活化时间为0．5 h 的条件下,活性炭得率为72％、碘吸附值为2047 mg/g,比表面积为1924．08 m2/g,总孔容为1．01 cm3/g,平均孔径为2．1 nm；该活性炭的微孔结构发达(微孔率为81．19％),孔径分布较窄,同时存在超微孔和极微孔,且极微孔含量很高.
채용생물질재료제비비표면적대、미공결구발체적활성탄,대우완해자원긴결、탁전활성탄재기상흡부화쌍전층전용기등방면적응용구유중대의의.이한마간위원료、KOH 위활화제제비활성탄,통과정교시험탐토감탄비、활화온도、활화시간대활성탄득솔화전흡부치적영향；채용장전경、공경분석의대양품적미공결구진행분석.결과표명,영향활성탄득솔화전흡부치적최현저인소분별위감탄비화활화온도,재감탄비4∶1、활화온도900℃、활화시간위0．5 h 적조건하,활성탄득솔위72％、전흡부치위2047 mg/g,비표면적위1924．08 m2/g,총공용위1．01 cm3/g,평균공경위2．1 nm；해활성탄적미공결구발체(미공솔위81．19％),공경분포교착,동시존재초미공화겁미공,차겁미공함량흔고.
Activated carbon with large specific surface area and rich microporous structure was prepared from re-newable biomass materials.It was of great significance for alleviating shortage of resources,expanding applica-tion of activated carbon in gas adsorption and EDLC.In this study,activated carbons were prepared from hemp stem using KOH as an activator.The effects of weight ratio (KOH:straw),temperature and duration of acti-vation on the yields and iodine adsorption values of the activated carbons were evaluated using orthogonal test design.The micro-morphology and pore structure of activated carbons were analyzed using FE-SEM and surface area analyzer.The results showed that weight ratio of KOH to the raw material and temperature of the activa-tion were the most influential factors for the yield and iodine adsorption value,respectively.The optimum ad-sorption capability was obtained when the activation was conducted for 0.5 h at 900 ℃ with a 4∶1 weight ratio of activator to raw material.The activated carbon was obtained with a high yield of 72%,a maximum iodine val-ue of 2 047 mg/g,BET specific surface area of 1 924.08 m2/g,total pore volume of 1.01 cm3/g,average pore size of 2.1 nm.The as-prepared activated carbon exhibited rich microporous structure with a microporosity of 81.1 9% and a narrow pore size distribution.Ultra-micropore and a high content of super-micropore were ob-served in the prepared activated carbon.