农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
21期
256-267
,共12页
王曼曼%吴秀芹%吴斌%张宇清%董贵华
王曼曼%吳秀芹%吳斌%張宇清%董貴華
왕만만%오수근%오빈%장우청%동귀화
土地利用%熵%地理信息系统%土地转移网络%空间集聚格局%盐池北部风沙区
土地利用%熵%地理信息繫統%土地轉移網絡%空間集聚格跼%鹽池北部風沙區
토지이용%적%지리신식계통%토지전이망락%공간집취격국%염지북부풍사구
land use%entropy%geographic information system%land use change network%spatial agglomeration pattern%sandy area of northern Yanchi
为研究近25 a宁夏盐池北部风沙区土地系统及空间集聚格局变化状况，该文基于1989、1995、2000、2007和2012年土地利用数据，通过构建土地利用转移网络和信息熵测度模型综合分析研究区土地系统时空动态变化特征，同时，采用GIS密度制图法表达其空间集聚格局。研究结果显示：近25 a，盐池北部风沙区土地利用结构发生了剧烈变化，耕地、未利用地面积急剧缩减，林地、草地面积显著扩展；草地、林地、耕地、未利用地之间的转移关系是盐池北部风沙区土地利用转移网络的关键关系，决定着风沙区土地利用变化特征；总体上，土地系统变化过程呈由“平衡型”到“弱平衡型”，再到“不平衡型”的演变态势；区域土地利用系统正朝相对有序的状态发展；从空间上看，林地和耕地系统附近为土地利用变化热点区域，且不同时段土地利用变化呈现出不同的空间集聚特征，以1995年为界，1989-1995年期间热点区分布呈东北-西南走向，1995-2012年期间热点区逐步由西部向中东部推移，研究区逐渐形成了以草地和林地为主导的土地利用格局。该研究可为盐池北部风沙区土地利用变化机理研究、土地资源可持续开发利用及沙区人居环境优化提供科学依据。
為研究近25 a寧夏鹽池北部風沙區土地繫統及空間集聚格跼變化狀況，該文基于1989、1995、2000、2007和2012年土地利用數據，通過構建土地利用轉移網絡和信息熵測度模型綜閤分析研究區土地繫統時空動態變化特徵，同時，採用GIS密度製圖法錶達其空間集聚格跼。研究結果顯示：近25 a，鹽池北部風沙區土地利用結構髮生瞭劇烈變化，耕地、未利用地麵積急劇縮減，林地、草地麵積顯著擴展；草地、林地、耕地、未利用地之間的轉移關繫是鹽池北部風沙區土地利用轉移網絡的關鍵關繫，決定著風沙區土地利用變化特徵；總體上，土地繫統變化過程呈由“平衡型”到“弱平衡型”，再到“不平衡型”的縯變態勢；區域土地利用繫統正朝相對有序的狀態髮展；從空間上看，林地和耕地繫統附近為土地利用變化熱點區域，且不同時段土地利用變化呈現齣不同的空間集聚特徵，以1995年為界，1989-1995年期間熱點區分佈呈東北-西南走嚮，1995-2012年期間熱點區逐步由西部嚮中東部推移，研究區逐漸形成瞭以草地和林地為主導的土地利用格跼。該研究可為鹽池北部風沙區土地利用變化機理研究、土地資源可持續開髮利用及沙區人居環境優化提供科學依據。
위연구근25 a저하염지북부풍사구토지계통급공간집취격국변화상황，해문기우1989、1995、2000、2007화2012년토지이용수거，통과구건토지이용전이망락화신식적측도모형종합분석연구구토지계통시공동태변화특정，동시，채용GIS밀도제도법표체기공간집취격국。연구결과현시：근25 a，염지북부풍사구토지이용결구발생료극렬변화，경지、미이용지면적급극축감，임지、초지면적현저확전；초지、임지、경지、미이용지지간적전이관계시염지북부풍사구토지이용전이망락적관건관계，결정착풍사구토지이용변화특정；총체상，토지계통변화과정정유“평형형”도“약평형형”，재도“불평형형”적연변태세；구역토지이용계통정조상대유서적상태발전；종공간상간，임지화경지계통부근위토지이용변화열점구역，차불동시단토지이용변화정현출불동적공간집취특정，이1995년위계，1989-1995년기간열점구분포정동북-서남주향，1995-2012년기간열점구축보유서부향중동부추이，연구구축점형성료이초지화임지위주도적토지이용격국。해연구가위염지북부풍사구토지이용변화궤리연구、토지자원가지속개발이용급사구인거배경우화제공과학의거。
For discussing the change of land system and spatial agglomeration pattern in sandy area of northern Yanchi during the past 25 years, land use vector data from the interpretation of TM remote sensing images (in the years of 1989, 1995, 2000 and 2007) and ZY-1 O2C satellite image (in the year of 2012) were used as the data sources. The spatial-temporal dynamic change characteristics were comprehensively analyzed by building land use change network model and information entropy model. The former model was used to quantify some elements such as direction, status and trend, which could effectively characterize some significant aspects associated with land change; the latter model was used to describe and express the order degree of the land use system. Furthermore, the spatial agglomeration pattern was expressed by using the GIS density mapping method. Results showed that tremendous changes had taken place in the past 25 years for the land use types in sandy area of northern Yanchi. Cultivated land and unused land showed a drastic reduction, while woodland and grassland expanded significantly, and human activities in the study area were in a positive way to gradually optimize and influence the evolution of landscape pattern Different degrees of mutual transformation appeared between various land use types, among which grassland, woodland, cultivated land and unused land played key roles in the whole network of land use change, and thus determined the characteristics of land use change in the sandy area. The land system change process showed an evolution trend from"balanced"type,"weak balanced"type to"not balanced"type during the past 25 years. Information entropy and equilibrium degree of land use structure was in a fluctuation drop situation, while advantage degree was in a fluctuation upward trend;overall, the land use system of the study area was developing towards a relatively orderly state. From the perspective of spatial analysis, the regions near woodland and cultivated land were hot spots of land use change and the spatial agglomeration features of land use change were different at different periods. Taking the year of 1995 as the demarcation point, the hot zone of land use change was distributed from northeast to southwest direction from 1989 to 1995, however, the hot spot gradually transferred from west to east of the whole region from 1995 to 2012. Through the restoration of vegetation, the ecological environment in the study area had been improved to a large extent, and a land use pattern dominated by grassland and woodland had been formed gradually, effectively reducing the risk of desertification. These conclusions could provide a scientific basis for the research on the mechanism of land use change, sustainable use of land resources, as well as optimization of sandy habitat environment.
