CAJ | 학술논문

用控温仪设定温度组，观察了在不同温度条件下(13℃、15℃、17℃、19℃、21℃、23℃、25℃、27℃、29℃、31℃)云纹石斑鱼(E. moara)(♀)×七带石斑鱼(E. septemfasciatus)(♂)杂交F1的胚胎发育情况，并对实验12 h后的好卵率、12 h后的胚胎发育时期、受精卵的孵化率和初孵仔鱼的畸形率进行了记录；仔鱼孵化出膜后，对其进行了耐饥饿实验，测定其每天的存活率和生存活力指数(Survival activity index，SAI)。实验结果表明，受精卵胚胎发育周期与温度呈正相关的关系，其受精卵孵化的适宜温度范围是17–25℃，温度低于17℃时，孵化率随温度的降低而降低，畸形率反之；温度为13℃时,不能孵化出仔鱼；温度高于25℃时，孵化率随温度的升高而降低，畸形率反之；仔鱼的SAI值随着温度的变化先升高后降低，在温度为17–21℃时，SAI值较高，分别为32.14±2.83、32.30±1.29、22.98±1.42，其他温度条件下SAI值均低于这3组。
용공온의설정온도조，관찰료재불동온도조건하(13℃、15℃、17℃、19℃、21℃、23℃、25℃、27℃、29℃、31℃)운문석반어(E. moara)(♀)×칠대석반어(E. septemfasciatus)(♂)잡교F1적배태발육정황，병대실험12 h후적호란솔、12 h후적배태발육시기、수정란적부화솔화초부자어적기형솔진행료기록；자어부화출막후，대기진행료내기아실험，측정기매천적존활솔화생존활력지수(Survival activity index，SAI)。실험결과표명，수정란배태발육주기여온도정정상관적관계，기수정란부화적괄의온도범위시17–25℃，온도저우17℃시，부화솔수온도적강저이강저，기형솔반지；온도위13℃시,불능부화출자어；온도고우25℃시，부화솔수온도적승고이강저，기형솔반지；자어적SAI치수착온도적변화선승고후강저，재온도위17–21℃시，SAI치교고，분별위32.14±2.83、32.30±1.29、22.98±1.42，기타온도조건하SAI치균저우저3조。
Temperature plays an important role in fertilized egg hatching and the growth of larvae. The effects of temperature on marine fish at early developmental stages have been reported domestically and internationally. Temperatures above the optimal range may cause stress on the growth and increase the mortality rate and the deformity rate. However, the effects of temperature on embryonic development and the larval activity of F1 Epinephelus moara (♀)×E. septemfasciatus(♂) have been unknown. In this study we recorded the hatching rate, deformity rate and survival activity index (SAI) of the embryo and larvae of F1 E.moara (♀)×E.septemfasciatus(♂) at a series of temperatures (13℃, 15℃, 17℃, 19℃, 21℃, 23℃, 25℃, 27℃, 29℃, and 31℃), and identified the optimal temperature for the seed feeding. The good fertilized egg rate after 12 hours of hatching, the hatching rate and the deformity rate of newly-hatched larvae were also recorded. The SAI and survival rate of newly-hatched larvae were measured by not feeding the larvae till death. The results suggested that there was a positive correlation between the embryonic development of F1 and the temperature. The optimal temperature range for hatching was 17-25℃. When the temperature was above 25℃ or below 17℃, the hatching rate decreased and the deformity rate increased. The SAI of F1 first increased and then decreased along with the change in temperature. In the range of 17-21℃, the SAI showed higher values that were 32.14±2.83, 32.30±1.29, and 22.98±1.42 respectively. In conclusion temperature is a very important factor in the process of seed feeding. The optimal water temperature range may be between 17-21℃ for an improved germination rate and reduced mortality and deformity rates.