宁波大学学报（人文科学版）
寧波大學學報（人文科學版）
저파대학학보（인문과학판）
JOURNAL OF NINGBO UNIVERSITY(LIBERAL ARTS EDITION)
2014年
6期
72-79
,共8页
政府购买%公共服务%定向购买%竞争购买%风险控制
政府購買%公共服務%定嚮購買%競爭購買%風險控製
정부구매%공공복무%정향구매%경쟁구매%풍험공제
the government outsourcing%public service%directional purchase%competitive purchase%risk control
政府购买公共服务是一个循环双向购买的过程，其购买方式主要有定向购买和竞争购买两种。立足于政府购买公共服务的“三元主体”，即政府、市场和公众，剖析定向购买方式和竞争购买方式可能蕴涵的诸如寻租、垄断、效率低下、购买不足等风险；同时，从服务购买对象的单一化、服务市场需求的变化、公共服务评估的困难以及信息公开的不对称等方面厘清相关风险的成因，提出风险的防范对策，以推动政府购买公共服务规范和有序的方向发展。
政府購買公共服務是一箇循環雙嚮購買的過程，其購買方式主要有定嚮購買和競爭購買兩種。立足于政府購買公共服務的“三元主體”，即政府、市場和公衆，剖析定嚮購買方式和競爭購買方式可能蘊涵的諸如尋租、壟斷、效率低下、購買不足等風險；同時，從服務購買對象的單一化、服務市場需求的變化、公共服務評估的睏難以及信息公開的不對稱等方麵釐清相關風險的成因，提齣風險的防範對策，以推動政府購買公共服務規範和有序的方嚮髮展。
정부구매공공복무시일개순배쌍향구매적과정，기구매방식주요유정향구매화경쟁구매량충。립족우정부구매공공복무적“삼원주체”，즉정부、시장화공음，부석정향구매방식화경쟁구매방식가능온함적제여심조、롱단、효솔저하、구매불족등풍험；동시，종복무구매대상적단일화、복무시장수구적변화、공공복무평고적곤난이급신식공개적불대칭등방면전청상관풍험적성인，제출풍험적방범대책，이추동정부구매공공복무규범화유서적방향발전。
The government outsourcing of public services is a process of bidirectional circular purchase which can be classified into directional purchases and competitive purchases. Based on an analysis of the three subjects of the government outsourcing, i.e., the government, the market and the public citizen, the article makes deep investigation into the risks of directional purchases and competitive purchases, such as rent-seeking, monopoly, low efficiency and inadequate purchases to name just a few. Meanwhile, the article also points out the causes of the risks, such as of the singleness of purchase object, changed market demands, difficulty in public service evaluation and the asymmetry in information. In the end, the article puts forward the countermeasures against risk so as to form a normative and orderly government outsourcing system.
