CAJ | 학술논문

干旱是甘蔗面临最主要的环境胁迫之一,为了解不同甘蔗品种在干旱胁迫时的气孔响应,该研究以F172、GT21、YT93/159和 YL6四个抗旱性有显著差异的甘蔗品种为材料,采用桶栽,在伸长期进行四种不同程度的干旱胁迫(不浇水)处理：土壤持水量在①65％~70％为轻度干旱；②45％~50％为中度干旱；③25％~30％为重度干旱；④以土壤含水量为75％为对照(CK).检测不同品种不同处理甘蔗的叶片相对持水量变化,并利用扫描电镜技术观察甘蔗叶片下表皮气孔特性.结果表明：在干旱胁迫下,四个甘蔗品种叶片气孔导度急剧下降,重度干旱时耐旱性强的 F172和 GT21的气孔导度低于耐旱性弱的 YT93/159和 YL6的；复水后3 d,F172和 GT21的气孔导度上升至82．07和88．85 mmol·m-2·s-1,而 YT93/159和 YL6的仅有18．88和33．08 mmol·m-2·s-1.干旱还导致气孔下陷、闭合,气孔器的长、宽明显减小,且品种间气孔器长度变化差异显著；干旱胁迫下气孔密度增大,尤以耐旱性最强的 F172在重度干旱时达到显著差异.重度干旱时 F172与GT21的气孔闭合百分比是 YT93/159和 YL6近3~4倍.在水分胁迫下,叶片相对含水量降低,但 F172和GT21在重度干旱时仍可以保持相对较高的含水量,其它两个品种相对较低,尤以 YT93/159的最低.在复水后叶片含水量都有所恢复.这些研究结果表明不同甘蔗品种抗旱能力与叶片气孔特性和含水量密切相关.
간한시감자면림최주요적배경협박지일,위료해불동감자품충재간한협박시적기공향응,해연구이F172、GT21、YT93/159화 YL6사개항한성유현저차이적감자품충위재료,채용통재,재신장기진행사충불동정도적간한협박(불요수)처리：토양지수량재①65％~70％위경도간한；②45％~50％위중도간한；③25％~30％위중도간한；④이토양함수량위75％위대조(CK).검측불동품충불동처리감자적협편상대지수량변화,병이용소묘전경기술관찰감자협편하표피기공특성.결과표명：재간한협박하,사개감자품충협편기공도도급극하강,중도간한시내한성강적 F172화 GT21적기공도도저우내한성약적 YT93/159화 YL6적；복수후3 d,F172화 GT21적기공도도상승지82．07화88．85 mmol·m-2·s-1,이 YT93/159화 YL6적부유18．88화33．08 mmol·m-2·s-1.간한환도치기공하함、폐합,기공기적장、관명현감소,차품충간기공기장도변화차이현저；간한협박하기공밀도증대,우이내한성최강적 F172재중도간한시체도현저차이.중도간한시 F172여GT21적기공폐합백분비시 YT93/159화 YL6근3~4배.재수분협박하,협편상대함수량강저,단 F172화GT21재중도간한시잉가이보지상대교고적함수량,기타량개품충상대교저,우이 YT93/159적최저.재복수후협편함수량도유소회복.저사연구결과표명불동감자품충항한능력여협편기공특성화함수량밀절상관.
Drought is one of the main environmental stresses for sugarcane.In order to understand the stomatal re-sponse of drought stress in different sugarcane cultivars,the present research was conducted using differently drought-resistant sugarcane cultivars F172,GT21,YT93/159 and YL6 as plant materials,which were grown in pots in the greenhouse at Guangxi University in 2012.At elongation stage,the plants were treated with varied degrees of drought stress:① mild drought,65%-70% of the soil water capacity;② moderate drought,45%-50% of the soil water content;③ severe drought with 25%-30% of soil water capacity and;④ control with 75% of soil water capacity. The relative water content in plant leaf was detected,and the stomatal characteristics in lower epidermis of the plant leaf were observed with scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the stomatal conductance under water stress declined sharply in 4 cultivars.The stomatal conductance in the drought-tolerant F172 and GT21 was lower than that in the drought-susceptible YT93/159 and YL6 under severe drought stress.After re-watering in 3 days,the stomatal conductance in F172 and GT21were increased to 82.07 and 88.85 mmol·m-2 ·s-1 ,while that in YT93/159 and YL6 was only 18.88 and 33.08 mmol·m-2 ·s-1 ,respectively.The water stress resulted in sunken and closed sto-mata,and reduction in stomata length and width,which showed significant differences in different cultivars.The den-sity of stomata was increased significantly in most drought-tolerant F172 under severe drought stress.The ratio of stomata closure was nearly 3-4 times in F172 and GT21 as much as that in YT93/159 and YL6.Under drought stress,the leaf relative water content was reduced.However,the drought-tolerant cultivars F172 and GT21 maintained higher leaf relative water content under severe drought stress than the other two,and YT93/159 showed the lowest,and the water content could be restored after re-watering.The results indicated that the drought-resistance of sugarcane cultivars was closely related to the stomatal characteristics and water content in leaf.