CAJ | 학술논문

基于有限元软件 ABAQUS，开发可同时考虑材料非线性、几何非线性和移动热源的热?弹?塑性有限元计算方法来模拟焊接过程中的热?力学耦合行为。以3 mm厚的6061-T651铝合金薄板TIG焊单道重熔和MIG对接接头为例，模拟分析焊接过程中的温度场、残余应力和焊接变形。同时，采用实验方法测量两种焊接接头的横向收缩和面外变形。结果表明：数值计算所得到的横向收缩、角变形与实验测量结果十分吻合，验证所开发的有限元计算方法的有效性。此外，基于数值模拟结果和实验结果验证了铝合金薄板焊接接头面外变形的形成机理。
기우유한원연건 ABAQUS，개발가동시고필재료비선성、궤하비선성화이동열원적열?탄?소성유한원계산방법래모의한접과정중적열?역학우합행위。이3 mm후적6061-T651려합금박판TIG한단도중용화MIG대접접두위례，모의분석한접과정중적온도장、잔여응력화한접변형。동시，채용실험방법측량량충한접접두적횡향수축화면외변형。결과표명：수치계산소득도적횡향수축、각변형여실험측량결과십분문합，험증소개발적유한원계산방법적유효성。차외，기우수치모의결과화실험결과험증료려합금박판한접접두면외변형적형성궤리。
Based on the commercial software ABAQUS, a thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method (T-E-P FEM) was developed in consideration of material nonlinearity, geometrical nonlinearity and moving heat source to simulate the thermo-mechanical behavior during welding process. The welding temperature fields, residual stress distribution and deformation in a thin-plate bead-on joint performed by TIG welding process and those in a butt joint with V-groove welded by MIG welding process were simulated. Meanwhile, the transverse shrinkages and out-of-plane deformations in thin-plate welded joints were measured by experiments. The transverse shrinkages and the out-of-deformations simulated by the T-E-P FEM are in good agreement with the measured data, and the effectiveness of the developed computational approach was verified by experiment. In addition, the formation mechanisms of out-of-plane deformation in thin-plate Al alloy joints were clarified based on the numerical and experimental results.