气象
氣象
기상
METEOROLOGICAL MONTHLY
2014年
10期
1230-1239
,共10页
冬季气温%厄尔尼诺%拉尼娜%海温距平%华南
鼕季氣溫%阨爾尼諾%拉尼娜%海溫距平%華南
동계기온%액이니낙%랍니나%해온거평%화남
winter temperature%El Ni?o%La Ni?a%SSTA%South China
提利用1951-2012年华南192个测站逐月气温资料、NCEP／NCAR 再分析月资料、NCC 的 ENSO 监测资料，采用相关分析和合成分析等方法分析了华南冬季气温异常与 ENSO 的关系。结果表明：华南冬季气温对 La Ni珘na 事件的响应比对El Ni珘no 事件显著，La Ni珘na 事件当年华南冬季气温以偏低为主，极强 La Ni珘na 事件对应的华南冬季气温显著偏低，而中部型La Ni珘na 事件出现过华南冬季气温显著偏高的情况。当 La Ni珘na（El Ni珘no）事件为东部型、Nino 区海温异常的峰值月份出现在秋冬季，当年华南冬季气温易偏低（高）。从年际尺度上，当 La Ni珘na 发生时，在对流层低层激发西太平洋异常气旋环流和北风异常，对应对流层中层北太平洋高压、乌拉尔山高压脊和东亚大槽南段均加强，西太平洋副热带高压减弱，东亚中高纬经向环流明显，冬季风偏强，导致我国大部分地区包括华南冬季气温偏冷，反之亦然。El Ni珘no 事件对华南冬季气温的影响具有年代际差异。对应华南冬季气温年代际变化的海温变化明显的区域位于北太平洋，而与 ENSO 关系不明显。
提利用1951-2012年華南192箇測站逐月氣溫資料、NCEP／NCAR 再分析月資料、NCC 的 ENSO 鑑測資料，採用相關分析和閤成分析等方法分析瞭華南鼕季氣溫異常與 ENSO 的關繫。結果錶明：華南鼕季氣溫對 La Ni珘na 事件的響應比對El Ni珘no 事件顯著，La Ni珘na 事件噹年華南鼕季氣溫以偏低為主，極彊 La Ni珘na 事件對應的華南鼕季氣溫顯著偏低，而中部型La Ni珘na 事件齣現過華南鼕季氣溫顯著偏高的情況。噹 La Ni珘na（El Ni珘no）事件為東部型、Nino 區海溫異常的峰值月份齣現在鞦鼕季，噹年華南鼕季氣溫易偏低（高）。從年際呎度上，噹 La Ni珘na 髮生時，在對流層低層激髮西太平洋異常氣鏇環流和北風異常，對應對流層中層北太平洋高壓、烏拉爾山高壓脊和東亞大槽南段均加彊，西太平洋副熱帶高壓減弱，東亞中高緯經嚮環流明顯，鼕季風偏彊，導緻我國大部分地區包括華南鼕季氣溫偏冷，反之亦然。El Ni珘no 事件對華南鼕季氣溫的影響具有年代際差異。對應華南鼕季氣溫年代際變化的海溫變化明顯的區域位于北太平洋，而與 ENSO 關繫不明顯。
제이용1951-2012년화남192개측참축월기온자료、NCEP／NCAR 재분석월자료、NCC 적 ENSO 감측자료，채용상관분석화합성분석등방법분석료화남동계기온이상여 ENSO 적관계。결과표명：화남동계기온대 La Ni주na 사건적향응비대El Ni주no 사건현저，La Ni주na 사건당년화남동계기온이편저위주，겁강 La Ni주na 사건대응적화남동계기온현저편저，이중부형La Ni주na 사건출현과화남동계기온현저편고적정황。당 La Ni주na（El Ni주no）사건위동부형、Nino 구해온이상적봉치월빈출현재추동계，당년화남동계기온역편저（고）。종년제척도상，당 La Ni주na 발생시，재대류층저층격발서태평양이상기선배류화북풍이상，대응대류층중층북태평양고압、오랍이산고압척화동아대조남단균가강，서태평양부열대고압감약，동아중고위경향배류명현，동계풍편강，도치아국대부분지구포괄화남동계기온편랭，반지역연。El Ni주no 사건대화남동계기온적영향구유년대제차이。대응화남동계기온년대제변화적해온변화명현적구역위우북태평양，이여 ENSO 관계불명현。
Based on the monthly temperature data of 192 observational stations in South China,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly temperature data and ENSO monitoring data by NCC,the relationship between winter temperature in South China and ENSO is studied by using the methods of correlation analysis,com-position analysis and so on.The results show that the response of the winter temperature in South China to La Ni?a event is more obvious than to El Ni?o event.In La Ni?a year,the winter temperature in South China is lower than in normal years.The significantly low temperature appears in extremely strong La Ni?a years,but the temperature is high obviously in central pattern La Ni?a events.The winter tempera-ture in South China is mainly lower (higher)than that in normal years when La Ni?a (El Ni?o)event is in east pattern,and the peak months of Nino SSTA are in autumn and winter.In La Ni?a years,there is an abnormal cyclone circulation in the Pacific subtropical high and abnormal north wind in the low tropo-sphere.North Pacific high,Ural Mountains high ridge and the south of East Asia trough also become strong,the West Pacific subtropical high becomes weak in the middle troposphere.The meridional circula-tion in middle high latitude in East Asia is evident.East-Asian winter monsoon is strong in case of La Ni?a events,the winter temperature in most regions of China including South China is lower than that in normal years,and vice versa.There are significant interdecadal differences of the effect of El Ni?o event on the winter temperature in South China.SST variation obviously corresponding to interdecadal variation of the winter temperature in South China is found in North Pacific,and the relationship between the variation and ENSO is not obvious.
