CAJ | 학술논문

为研究特高压支柱瓷绝缘子的自然积污规律，重点对荆门特高压变电站运行的支柱瓷绝缘子进行了连续3a的积污检测。测量了盐密(equivalent salt deposit density，ESDD)、灰密(non soluble deposit density，NSDD)及污秽成分，对比分析了伞裙上表面与下表面、迎风面与背风面、平均直径、连续积污等对支柱绝缘子自然积污特性的影响规律。结果表明，1 a的积污期条件下(2010年4月至2011年4月)：1）单个1000 kV支柱瓷绝缘子整柱污秽分布较不均匀，高压端与其他部位的ESDD平均比值为3.4，NSDD平均比值为2.3。2）绝缘子伞裙上表面污秽度普遍高于下表面。上下表面ESDD不均匀积污比平均为1.8，上下表面NSDD不均匀积污比平均为1.6。3）绝缘子伞裙背风面污秽度普遍高于迎风面。ESDD 迎风面与背风面不均匀积污比平均为0.64， NSDD迎风面与背风面不均匀积污比平均为0.55。4）饱和ESDD 与连续积污时间不成正比关系，而 NSDD 基本与连续积污时间成正比关系。5）ESDD和NSDD随平均直径的增大呈下降趋势。6）绝缘子表面污秽物中CaSO4含量平均为68%。研究结果可为我国特高压工程外绝缘设计、产品制造和运行检修提供参考。
위연구특고압지주자절연자적자연적오규률，중점대형문특고압변전참운행적지주자절연자진행료련속3a적적오검측。측량료염밀(equivalent salt deposit density，ESDD)、회밀(non soluble deposit density，NSDD)급오예성분，대비분석료산군상표면여하표면、영풍면여배풍면、평균직경、련속적오등대지주절연자자연적오특성적영향규률。결과표명，1 a적적오기조건하(2010년4월지2011년4월)：1）단개1000 kV지주자절연자정주오예분포교불균균，고압단여기타부위적ESDD평균비치위3.4，NSDD평균비치위2.3。2）절연자산군상표면오예도보편고우하표면。상하표면ESDD불균균적오비평균위1.8，상하표면NSDD불균균적오비평균위1.6。3）절연자산군배풍면오예도보편고우영풍면。ESDD 영풍면여배풍면불균균적오비평균위0.64， NSDD영풍면여배풍면불균균적오비평균위0.55。4）포화ESDD 여련속적오시간불성정비관계，이 NSDD 기본여련속적오시간성정비관계。5）ESDD화NSDD수평균직경적증대정하강추세。6）절연자표면오예물중CaSO4함량평균위68%。연구결과가위아국특고압공정외절연설계、산품제조화운행검수제공삼고。
In order to study the natural contamination characteristics of UHV post porcelain insulator, the contaminant accumulation measurement of UHV post porcelain insulators being put into operation in Jingmen UHVAC substation was performed continuously in three years. The equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) and non soluble deposit density (NSDD) as well as the pollution components were measured, and the influencing rules of such factors as the top surface and the bottom surface of insulator shed, the windward side and the leeward side of insulator shed, the average diameter and continuous contaminant accumulation on natural contamination characteristics of 1 000 kV AC post porcelain insulators were compared and analyzed, and under the condition of contaminant accumulation period of one year, i.e., form April 2010 to April 2011, following results were obtained:firstly, as for the single 1 000 kV post porcelain insulator the overall pollution distribution is non-uniform, the average ratio of NSDD at high voltage end to that of other parts is 3.4 and the average ratio of ESDD at high voltage end to that of other parts is 2.3;secondly, in general the polluted extent of the top shed surface of insulator is more serious than that on the bottom shed surface of insulator, the average value of uneven contaminant accumulation ratio of ESDD of the top surface of the shed to that on the bottom surface of the shed (T/B) is 1.8 and the average value of the uneven contaminant accumulation ratio of NSDD on the top shed surface to that on the bottom shed surface (T/B) is 1.6;thirdly, in general the polluted extent at the leeward side of insulator is more serious than that at the windward side of insulator, the average value of the uneven contaminant accumulation ratio of NSDD at the windward side of insulator to that at the leeward side of insulator (W/L) is 0.64 and the average value of the uneven contaminant accumulation ratio of ESDD at the windward side of insulator to that at the leeward side of insulator (W/L) is 0.55;fourthly, there is not proportional relation between the saturated ESDD and the continuous contaminant accumulation period, however there is basically a proportional relation between the saturated NSDD and the continuous contaminant accumulation period;fifthly, along with the increase of average diameter of post porcelain insulator both levels of ESDD and NSDD present the downtrend; sixthly, the average content of CaSO4 in surface contamination of post porcelain insulators is 68%. The above results can give references to the design and product manufacture of external insulation for UHV transmission equipment as well as to the operation and maintenance of UHV transmission projects in China.