兰州大学学报(自然科学版)
蘭州大學學報(自然科學版)
란주대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF LANZHOU UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCES)
2014年
5期
671-675
,共5页
岳东霞%李凯%张佳静%江帆%孙悦迪%江宝骅%郭建军
嶽東霞%李凱%張佳靜%江帆%孫悅迪%江寶驊%郭建軍
악동하%리개%장가정%강범%손열적%강보화%곽건군
易损性%地质灾害%承灾体%广义目标函数%清水沟
易損性%地質災害%承災體%廣義目標函數%清水溝
역손성%지질재해%승재체%엄의목표함수%청수구
vulnerability%geo-hazard%hazard-bearing body%generalized objective function%Qingshui Watershed
选取白龙流域内具有代表性的清水沟小流域,以清水沟承灾体个体为评价单元,基于遥感数据和广义目标函数方法,引入地质灾害直接威胁概率指标,构建了小流域地质灾害易损性评价指标体系和评价方法,开展了清水沟大比例尺易损性评价.结果显示:清水沟小流域易损性为0~0.105的低易损性承灾体面积占全流域面积的88.4%,0.106~0.251的中易损性承灾体面积占10.2%,0.252~0.812的高易损性承灾体面积仅占1.4%.从空间分布上看,低易损性承灾体主要分布在中上游,以草地、林地和耕地为主,高易损性承灾体主要分布在下游,特别是沟口冲积扇上的居民区,以房屋、公路、桥梁为主.流域内滑坡体对于其下方的沟道以及下游的居民区有较大威胁,导致这些区域的易损性显著增加.应当做好对滑坡体的防护措施,并对下游的居民区进行重点保护.
選取白龍流域內具有代錶性的清水溝小流域,以清水溝承災體箇體為評價單元,基于遙感數據和廣義目標函數方法,引入地質災害直接威脅概率指標,構建瞭小流域地質災害易損性評價指標體繫和評價方法,開展瞭清水溝大比例呎易損性評價.結果顯示:清水溝小流域易損性為0~0.105的低易損性承災體麵積佔全流域麵積的88.4%,0.106~0.251的中易損性承災體麵積佔10.2%,0.252~0.812的高易損性承災體麵積僅佔1.4%.從空間分佈上看,低易損性承災體主要分佈在中上遊,以草地、林地和耕地為主,高易損性承災體主要分佈在下遊,特彆是溝口遲積扇上的居民區,以房屋、公路、橋樑為主.流域內滑坡體對于其下方的溝道以及下遊的居民區有較大威脅,導緻這些區域的易損性顯著增加.應噹做好對滑坡體的防護措施,併對下遊的居民區進行重點保護.
선취백룡류역내구유대표성적청수구소류역,이청수구승재체개체위평개단원,기우요감수거화엄의목표함수방법,인입지질재해직접위협개솔지표,구건료소류역지질재해역손성평개지표체계화평개방법,개전료청수구대비례척역손성평개.결과현시:청수구소류역역손성위0~0.105적저역손성승재체면적점전류역면적적88.4%,0.106~0.251적중역손성승재체면적점10.2%,0.252~0.812적고역손성승재체면적부점1.4%.종공간분포상간,저역손성승재체주요분포재중상유,이초지、임지화경지위주,고역손성승재체주요분포재하유,특별시구구충적선상적거민구,이방옥、공로、교량위주.류역내활파체대우기하방적구도이급하유적거민구유교대위협,도치저사구역적역손성현저증가.응당주호대활파체적방호조시,병대하유적거민구진행중점보호.
Qingshui, a typical and representative small watershed in Bailongjiang Basin, where severely harm-ful geo-hazards occurred frequently, was selected as the study area, then a large-scale geo-hazard vulnerability assessment system and methods for small watershed were constructed and, furthermore, a high resolution vulner-ability assessment of Qingshui Watershed by the generalized objective function method was made based on RS data. The results showed that, in the small Qingshui Watershed, the low vulnerability area with value between 0 to 0.105 accounts for 88.4%of the whole watershed. The area with vulnerability value between 0.106 to 0.251 accounts for 10.2%. And the high vulnerability area between 0.252 to 0.812 accounts for only 1.4%. As for the spatial distribution, the low vulnerability areas are mainly located in the upper reaches where grassland, forest land and farmland spread over, while the high vulnerability areas are mainly distributed in the downstream, especially the residential areas near the outlet where houses, roads, bridges are concentrated. In addition, the hazard-bearing bodies where landslide mass lie are mainly grassland at a low price, so their vulnerability values are not high, but landslides pose a great threat to the channels and residential areas downstream. Therefore controls should be administered to the landslides, to prevent dangers for the residential areas downstream.