CAJ | 학술논문

利用1948—2011年NCEP／NCAR月平均再分析资料和1951—2010年我国160站降水量资料，研究了冬季亚洲—太平洋区域的大气遥相关及其与东亚冬季风和降水的关系。结果表明：冬季在亚洲—西太平洋与中、东太平洋中低纬度对流层上层扰动温度之间存在类似于夏季的亚洲—太平洋涛动（APO）现象，即当东亚中低纬度对流层中、上层偏暖时，中东太平洋中低纬度对流层中上层温度偏冷，反之亦然。冬季APO 可以反映冬季亚洲—太平洋东西向热力差异强度变化，与夏季相比，冬季APO遥相关在亚洲的中心位置略偏南、偏东，且冬季APO 与大气环流关系与夏季也有所不同；当冬季APO指数偏高时，对流层上层东亚大槽位置偏西，而东亚热带地区的高压向北伸展，导致我国南方对流层为深厚的异常反气旋系统所控制，此时南方地区对流层低层盛行异常的偏东北气流，并伴随水汽辐散和异常下沉运动，南方降水偏少；冬季APO指数与ENSO有紧密联系。
이용1948—2011년NCEP／NCAR월평균재분석자료화1951—2010년아국160참강수량자료，연구료동계아주—태평양구역적대기요상관급기여동아동계풍화강수적관계。결과표명：동계재아주—서태평양여중、동태평양중저위도대류층상층우동온도지간존재유사우하계적아주—태평양도동（APO）현상，즉당동아중저위도대류층중、상층편난시，중동태평양중저위도대류층중상층온도편랭，반지역연。동계APO 가이반영동계아주—태평양동서향열력차이강도변화，여하계상비，동계APO요상관재아주적중심위치략편남、편동，차동계APO 여대기배류관계여하계야유소불동；당동계APO지수편고시，대류층상층동아대조위치편서，이동아열대지구적고압향북신전，도치아국남방대류층위심후적이상반기선계통소공제，차시남방지구대류층저층성행이상적편동북기류，병반수수기복산화이상하침운동，남방강수편소；동계APO지수여ENSO유긴밀련계。
Using 1948-2011 NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data and 1951-2010 precipitation data at 160 meteorological stations of China,the empirical orthogonal function (EOF),correlation analysis and com-posite analysis methods,the winter (December,January and February)atmospheric teleconnection over the Asian-Pacific and its association with East Asian winter monsoon and precipitation are examined.Re-sults show an Asian-Pacific Oscillation (APO)teleconnection in upper-tropospheric temperature disturb-ance between the Asian-western Pacific and the central-eastern Pacific region during winter,which is similar to the APO phenomenon during summer.When the mid-upper troposphere temperature in mid-low-er latitudes of East Asia is warmer,it is colder in mid-lower latitudes of the central and eastern North Pa-cific,and vice versa.The APO reflects the variability of the zonal thermal contrast between Asia and North Pacific.Compared to summer,the Asian anomalous center of DJF APO is southward and eastward in position.DJF APO index does not show a significant linear trend.The power spectrum analysis shows that the APO index has the varying periods of 2-6 years.Corresponding to a higher APO index,geopo-tential height disturbance in mid-upper tropospheres is lower in mid-higher latitudes of East Asia and it is higher in mid-higher latitudes of central and eastern North Pacific.Also,there is a “seesaw”in lower lati-tudes between the Asian-western Pacific region and the central-eastern Pacific,but with a reversed phase comparing to that in higher latitudes.This anomalous feature in geopotential height in the upper tropo-sphere indicates a westward long-wave trough in East Asia and a northward high pressure in the tropics of East Asia,with a deep anti-cyclonic anomaly over southern China.Wind anomalies of northeasterly prevail over southern China in the lower troposphere,with divergence anomalies of water vapor and downward motion anomalies in southern China.Accordingly,the local precipitation decreases.However,these rela-tionships between DJF APO and atmospheric circulation are different from those during summer.Moreo-ver,the APO index is highly correlated with ENSO as well.