CAJ | 학술논문

目的：研究大连市交通伤与跌倒所致骨折的流行病学特点，为创伤骨折的救治和预防提供依据。方法从信息中心调取2006年1月～2012年12月收治的骨折患者资料，按照损伤原因分为交通伤骨折和跌倒骨折：交通伤骨折8037例，死亡16例（0.20％）；跌倒骨折4172例，死亡9例（0.22％）。回顾性分析患者的性别、年龄、骨折部位、住院日和住院费用。结果交通伤骨折病例每年相当，而跌倒骨折例数呈明显上升趋势，但两组死亡率无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。交通伤骨折多发生于第3、4季度（54.65％）和青壮年男性（20～60岁，73.97％）；跌倒骨折高发于第1、4季度（53.40％）和老年女性（＞55岁，65.56％）。交通伤和跌倒骨折分别以下肢骨折和髋部骨折常见，而交通伤脊柱骨折死亡率最高（0.62％）。交通伤骨折患者的平均住院日（21.73d）比跌倒骨折患者平均住院日（12.55d）长（P＜0.05），交通伤骨折所需平均住院费用也高于跌倒骨折患者（26765元VS 23675元，P＜0.05）。结论交通伤骨折的伤害形势严峻，同时跌倒骨折的危害也日趋严重，应根据各自流行病学的特点制定科学的防范措施，进而降低创伤骨折危害加剧。
목적：연구대련시교통상여질도소치골절적류행병학특점，위창상골절적구치화예방제공의거。방법종신식중심조취2006년1월～2012년12월수치적골절환자자료，안조손상원인분위교통상골절화질도골절：교통상골절8037례，사망16례（0.20％）；질도골절4172례，사망9례（0.22％）。회고성분석환자적성별、년령、골절부위、주원일화주원비용。결과교통상골절병례매년상당，이질도골절례수정명현상승추세，단량조사망솔무통계학차이（P＞0.05）。교통상골절다발생우제3、4계도（54.65％）화청장년남성（20～60세，73.97％）；질도골절고발우제1、4계도（53.40％）화노년녀성（＞55세，65.56％）。교통상화질도골절분별이하지골절화관부골절상견，이교통상척주골절사망솔최고（0.62％）。교통상골절환자적평균주원일（21.73d）비질도골절환자평균주원일（12.55d）장（P＜0.05），교통상골절소수평균주원비용야고우질도골절환자（26765원VS 23675원，P＜0.05）。결론교통상골절적상해형세엄준，동시질도골절적위해야일추엄중，응근거각자류행병학적특점제정과학적방범조시，진이강저창상골절위해가극。
Objective To illustrate the epidemiology of fractures caused by road traffic injury and falls in Dalian and to provide references for the prevention and management of fractures .Methods We retrospectively re-viewed hospital records of fracture patients injured by road traffic accidents or falls from Jan .2006 to Dec.2012.A total of 8 037 patients from road traffic injury were identified ,of whom 16 cases resulted in death and the mortality rate was 0.20%.A total of 4 172 patients from falls were recorded ,of whom 9 cases died and the mortality rate was 0.22%.The clinical epidemiological analysis was made from aspects of gender ,age,types of fracture ,average hos-pital stay and hospital expense .Results There was an increasing trend of fall-induced fractures ,while the number of cases of traffic injury related fractures was comparable in those 7 years.The mortality rates due to the two causes were not significantly different(P>0.05).The road traffic injury related fractures disproportionally affected males of 20-60 years(73.97%) and mainly occurred in the third and fourth seasons (54.65%).However,the fall-in-duced fractures increased dramatically among those aged 55 or above for the female (65.56%) and mainly occurred in the first and fourth seasons(53.40%).The main types of the road traffic injury and falls were fractures of lower extremity limbs and hips respectively .The mortality rate of the road traffic injury-induced spinal fractures was the highest(0.62%).Both average hospital stay and hospital expense of road traffic injury were more than those of falls.Conclusion Fractures caused by road traffic injury and falls were faced with serious situation.It is necessary to make management and prevention measures according to their epidemiological characteristics in order to reduce the dam-age.