CAJ | 학술논문

采用数字化设计和组装并直接制造成形、无需实际组装工序的机构，称之为免组装机构。激光选区熔化能够直接制造冶金结合、组织致密、尺寸精度高和良好力学性能的功能零件，是直接制造免组装机构的理想技术。研究了激光选区熔化成形免组装机构的摆放方式、间隙特征的尺寸精度和表面粗糙度、间隙特征结构优化等关键技术。通过自由设计和DiMetal-100系列激光选区熔化成形设备成形了免组装的铜钱算盘和折叠算盘、平面连杆机构(曲柄滑块、曲柄摇杆、摇杆滑块)和万向节等免组装机构。研究证明，激光选区熔化不仅能够顺利成形形状很复杂的零件，也能够直接成形具有相对运动的免组装机构，为机电产品的数字化设计和一体化制造提供了一种可行的方法。
채용수자화설계화조장병직접제조성형、무수실제조장공서적궤구，칭지위면조장궤구。격광선구용화능구직접제조야금결합、조직치밀、척촌정도고화량호역학성능적공능령건，시직접제조면조장궤구적이상기술。연구료격광선구용화성형면조장궤구적파방방식、간극특정적척촌정도화표면조조도、간극특정결구우화등관건기술。통과자유설계화DiMetal-100계렬격광선구용화성형설비성형료면조장적동전산반화절첩산반、평면련간궤구(곡병활괴、곡병요간、요간활괴)화만향절등면조장궤구。연구증명，격광선구용화불부능구순리성형형상흔복잡적령건，야능구직접성형구유상대운동적면조장궤구，위궤전산품적수자화설계화일체화제조제공료일충가행적방법。
Mechanism that is designed and assembled digitally and lately manufactured directly without post-assembly is called non-assembly mechanism. Selective laser melting (SLM) is a desirable technology for manufacturing non-assembly mechanisms directly since it is able to manufacture functional parts with metallurgical bonded, relatively high density, high dimensional accuracy and favorable mechanical properties. The critical factors of manufacturing non-assembly mechanisms by SLM such as display strategy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of clearance character, structural optimizing of clearance character, etc are investigated. Non-assembly mechanisms such as copper cash abacus and collapsible abacus, planar linkages (slider-crank, crank-rocker, and rocker-slider) and universal joint, etc are freely designed and are manufactured by using DiMetal-100 series SLM equipment. It is shown that SLM can not only manufacture parts with complex structures successfully, but also can manufacture non-assembly mechanisms with relative motion directly. It provides a feasible method for the digital design and integrated manufacture of mechanical and electronic products.