CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查寒区边防部队军事作业影响因素及对军人军事作业能力的影响，为寒区军事作业能力维护提供依据。方法依据相关标准，采用随机整群抽样法，抽取驻守寒区部队新兵（入伍时间＜1个月）和驻守寒区部队老兵（入伍时间＞1年），进行寒区军事作业影响因素、体力、睡眠、心理健康及认知能力评估。结果寒冷环境是影响寒区部队军事作业能力的主要影响因素；依据体能标准，该寒区边防部队体能状况处于较差水平；130名新兵的SCL-90总分、阳性均分、阳性项目数、各因子分均显著优于46名老兵和中国军人常模；46名老兵的SCL-90总分、阳性均分、阳性项目数、各因子分与中国军人常模相比，均无显著性差异，老兵的睡眠状况普遍较差，新兵的瞬时记忆能力显著高于老兵（ P＜0．05）；分别来自于东北地区、中部地区和南方地区的新兵SCL-90总分、阳性均分、阳性项目数、各因子分及认知能力均无显著性差异，来自于中部地区和南方地区的新兵睡眠状况较差（P＜0．05）；从事不同军事任务的老兵中，通信连SCL-90总分、躯体化、强迫、抑郁和焦虑因子分显著高于中国军人常模（ P＜0．05），通信连士兵的睡眠状况显著差于其他部队的睡眠状况（P＜0．05）。结论寒冷环境是影响寒区军事作业能力的主要影响因素。寒区边防部队军事体力作业能力显著低于部队军事标准，应强化寒区部队的军事训练水平。我军心理健康教育开展较好，寒区部队心理健康水平较好。初进寒区和长期驻训可能会对官兵的睡眠产生重要影响，有待于进一步注重睡眠防护措施的开发及相关的基础研究。应强化冬季户外作业较多的寒区部队防护装备研究。
목적：조사한구변방부대군사작업영향인소급대군인군사작업능력적영향，위한구군사작업능력유호제공의거。방법의거상관표준，채용수궤정군추양법，추취주수한구부대신병（입오시간＜1개월）화주수한구부대노병（입오시간＞1년），진행한구군사작업영향인소、체력、수면、심리건강급인지능력평고。결과한랭배경시영향한구부대군사작업능력적주요영향인소；의거체능표준，해한구변방부대체능상황처우교차수평；130명신병적SCL-90총분、양성균분、양성항목수、각인자분균현저우우46명노병화중국군인상모；46명노병적SCL-90총분、양성균분、양성항목수、각인자분여중국군인상모상비，균무현저성차이，노병적수면상황보편교차，신병적순시기억능력현저고우노병（ P＜0．05）；분별래자우동북지구、중부지구화남방지구적신병SCL-90총분、양성균분、양성항목수、각인자분급인지능력균무현저성차이，래자우중부지구화남방지구적신병수면상황교차（P＜0．05）；종사불동군사임무적노병중，통신련SCL-90총분、구체화、강박、억욱화초필인자분현저고우중국군인상모（ P＜0．05），통신련사병적수면상황현저차우기타부대적수면상황（P＜0．05）。결론한랭배경시영향한구군사작업능력적주요영향인소。한구변방부대군사체력작업능력현저저우부대군사표준，응강화한구부대적군사훈련수평。아군심리건강교육개전교호，한구부대심리건강수평교호。초진한구화장기주훈가능회대관병적수면산생중요영향，유대우진일보주중수면방호조시적개발급상관적기출연구。응강화동계호외작업교다적한구부대방호장비연구。
Objective To investigate and analyze the military operation ability and influence factors of soldiers alongthe border in an extremely cold environment and to provide a scientific basis for effectively improving the combat effective -ness of the army stationed the cold regions.Methods According to relevant standards, recruits(the length of service <1month) and old soldiers(the length of service >1 year) were randomly selected to investigate their military operationfactors, physical condition, sleep condition, mental health and cognitive ability.Results Cold was the main factor whichaffected military operation capability in cold regions.According to physical standards,border troops were in poor physicalcondition.Results of SCL-90 showed that the total score, the number of positive items , the score of each factor of the 130recruits were significantly lower than those of the Chinese army model and 46 veterans (P <0.05).There was nosignificant difference in these aspects between the 46 veterans and Chinese army model.Recruits were in better sleepcondition and had better instantaneous memory(P <0.05).Birthplace had no effect on these factors .Recruits from Centraland South China were in poorer sleep condition than those from cold regions (P <0.05).Results of SCL-90 showed that thetotal score,the factors of somatization, coercion, depression and anxiety of communication veterans were significantly higherthan those of the Chinese army model (P <0.05).The sleep condition of communication veterans was poorer than that ofmotorized infantry and patrol veterans (P <0.05).Conclusion Cold is the main factorthat impacts the ability of militaryoperations in cold regions.The physical work capacity of border guards in cold regions was significantly below the militarystandard, so the level of military training should be strengthened .Research on cold-protection equipment for special tasks should be strengthened.