CAJ | 학술논문

移民积分制是一种挑选移民主要是高技能人才的重要政策工具，在一些具有移民传统的发达国家和地区广泛使用，并受到越来越多的国家关注。目前，实施移民积分制的国家，一类为实施积分制，另一类为实施类积分制，这两类的典型国家分别为加拿大和德国。通过概述加拿大积分制和德国类积分制的实践，深入分析了移民积分制的实施前提、主要特征，剖析了实施移民积分制的优点和不足，继而对实施和调整移民积分制的整体框架进行了反思与归纳。我国当前仍处在经济社会快速发展的阶段，迫切需要各类科技人才，必须加快移民积分制的实施，但在实施过程中，应该注意对实施对象的范围做出严格限定，所制定的积分制要有利于满足高层次科技创新创业人才以多种方式来中国发展的需求，并可采取国家、省级两级积分体系。
이민적분제시일충도선이민주요시고기능인재적중요정책공구，재일사구유이민전통적발체국가화지구엄범사용，병수도월래월다적국가관주。목전，실시이민적분제적국가，일류위실시적분제，령일류위실시류적분제，저량류적전형국가분별위가나대화덕국。통과개술가나대적분제화덕국류적분제적실천，심입분석료이민적분제적실시전제、주요특정，부석료실시이민적분제적우점화불족，계이대실시화조정이민적분제적정체광가진행료반사여귀납。아국당전잉처재경제사회쾌속발전적계단，박절수요각류과기인재，필수가쾌이민적분제적실시，단재실시과정중，응해주의대실시대상적범위주출엄격한정，소제정적적분제요유리우만족고층차과기창신창업인재이다충방식래중국발전적수구，병가채취국가、성급량급적분체계。
Point-based immigration system (PBIM) is an important selection policy tool mainly for highly skilled immigrants. It’s very popular in some countries and regions with a long tradition of immigration, and is drawing more and more attention internationally. This paper introduced the basic information of PBIM, summarized Canada and Germany’s practice as a sample of PBIM and quasi PBIM respectively, analyzed deeply its prerequisites of implementation and main characteristics, dissected advantages and disadvantages of PBIM and quasi PBIM, rethought and summarized the overall framework on implementing or adjusting the PBIM. The paper also gives some suggestions on implementation of PBIM in China, such as, making a strict limitation on the scope of immigrants, adopting the PBIM in national and provincial level to meet the demands of S&T innovation talents seeking the entrepreneurship opportunity in China in various approaches.