CAJ | 학술논문

以陆地棉标准系 TM‐1为材料，利用棉花胚珠离体培养技术并结合对纤维分化发育状态的扫描电镜观察，研究豆蔻酸(C14)、棕榈酸( C16)、硬脂酸( C18)、油酸( C18：1)、亚油酸( C18：2)、花生酸( C20)、山嵛酸( C22)、木蜡酸(C24)等不同链长脂肪酸以及不同浓度棕榈酸对棉纤维分化发育的影响.结果表明：在离体培养基中添加棕榈酸( C16)对棉纤维的分化发育及伸长有较明显的促进作用，特别是在培养基中添加5.0μmol/L 棕榈酸纤维的伸长最明显，其纤维平均长度为1.086 mm ，比对照增加53.4％，差异具统计学意义( P＜0.01)，而棕榈酸浓度过高则抑制纤维的伸长；木蜡酸( C24)对纤维伸长也表现出一定的促进作用，纤维平均长度比对照增加21.9％( P ＜0.05)；扫描电镜观察表明，在5.0μmol/L 棕榈酸处理下胚珠表面光滑且突起多、密，分布均匀；添加硬脂酸、油酸或山嵛酸的处理几乎没有出现突起.说明在本试验条件下，在棉花胚珠离体培养中促进纤维分化发育的棕榈酸适宜浓度为5.0μmol/L .
이륙지면표준계 TM‐1위재료，이용면화배주리체배양기술병결합대섬유분화발육상태적소묘전경관찰，연구두구산(C14)、종려산( C16)、경지산( C18)、유산( C18：1)、아유산( C18：2)、화생산( C20)、산유산( C22)、목사산(C24)등불동련장지방산이급불동농도종려산대면섬유분화발육적영향.결과표명：재리체배양기중첨가종려산( C16)대면섬유적분화발육급신장유교명현적촉진작용，특별시재배양기중첨가5.0μmol/L 종려산섬유적신장최명현，기섬유평균장도위1.086 mm ，비대조증가53.4％，차이구통계학의의( P＜0.01)，이종려산농도과고칙억제섬유적신장；목사산( C24)대섬유신장야표현출일정적촉진작용，섬유평균장도비대조증가21.9％( P ＜0.05)；소묘전경관찰표명，재5.0μmol/L 종려산처리하배주표면광활차돌기다、밀，분포균균；첨가경지산、유산혹산유산적처리궤호몰유출현돌기.설명재본시험조건하，재면화배주리체배양중촉진섬유분화발육적종려산괄의농도위5.0μmol/L .
Summary As a kind of seed fiber , cotton fiber was differentiated by epidermal cells of the seed , and was adhered to seed surface . Cotton kernel is rich in fat , protein and other ingredients . However ,whether these ingredients affect the differentiation and development of cotton fiber , and subsequently influence the yield and quality has become a hot topic in the related research area recently . It also has a pivotal role in the regulation to cotton production and quality formation . For exploring the function of fatty acid in the developing process of cotton fiber , this study took upland cotton standard system TM‐1 as experimental material , to investigate the effect of different kinds of fatty acids on fiber differentiation and development along with fiber length . The experiment was conducted by adding 5 .0 μmol/L different kinds of fatty acids respectively ( including nutmeg acid , palmitic acid , stearic acid , oleic acid , linoleic acid , peanut acid , docosanoic acid and wood wax acid ,) in the in vitro ovule culture medium . These fatty acids were with varied chain length . The medium without any fatty acid was involved as a control . Scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) was used to observe the differential and developmental situation of ovule surface after 2 d culture , and the fiber length was measured after 2 weeks . Thereafter , the palmitic acid was selected to study the effect of concentration gradient on fiber development ; in other words , different palmitic acid concentrations of 0 .01 , 0 .1 , 1 .0 , 5 .0 , 10 .0 , 20 .0 , 25 .0 , 30 .0 μmol/L were added into medium to investigate their effects on the differentiation and development of cotton fiber by using SEM and length measurement .The results showed that in the medium with 5 .0 μmol/L palmitic acid , ovule epidermal ridges were much more dense and well‐distributed than in the control and the other treatments . Almost no ridge was observed in the treatments of stearic acid , oleic acid and docosanoic acid . The fiber length measured in the treatments of palmitic acid ( being 1 .086 mm) and wood wax acid ( being 0 .863 mm) was increased by 53 .4% and 21 .9% compared with the control respectively . However , no significant difference was found between the control and the other treatments . The result also showed that 5 .0 μmol/L palmitic acid in the medium was the most optimal concentration to promote the fiber differentiation and development , likewise to facilitate the fiber elongation .According to the results , it is preliminary deduced that the palmitic acid has remarkably positive effects on the cotton fiber differentiation , development and elongation . This consequence provides an evidence to the research of regulating cotton fiber differentiation and development as well as the production and quality formation by altering the composition and/or concentration of cottonseed fatty acid .