CAJ | 학술논문

大别山解放区土改政策的演变深受政治、军事环境影响。最初受我强敌弱和老区经验影响，实行彻底土改，取得一些成效。但随着后来敌强我弱，对形势估量不够和其他主观错误，没有及时转变政策，造成“急性土改”，给干部群众造成很大损失。认识到错误后，在中央和毛泽东指示下又实施分地区分阶段有步骤的土改政策。最后根据中央指示重点实施统一战线性质的减租减息政策。土改政策演变过程是一个政策日趋符合实际的过程，体现着土改与军事、干部、群众等工作的互动，充满着中央和地方的思考交流，展示着毛泽东的从谏善断、邓小平的求实思考。大别山解放区土改政策的演变非常典型，为全国其他新区的土改提供了重要借鉴。
대별산해방구토개정책적연변심수정치、군사배경영향。최초수아강활약화로구경험영향，실행철저토개，취득일사성효。단수착후래활강아약，대형세고량불구화기타주관착오，몰유급시전변정책，조성“급성토개”，급간부군음조성흔대손실。인식도착오후，재중앙화모택동지시하우실시분지구분계단유보취적토개정책。최후근거중앙지시중점실시통일전선성질적감조감식정책。토개정책연변과정시일개정책일추부합실제적과정，체현착토개여군사、간부、군음등공작적호동，충만착중앙화지방적사고교류，전시착모택동적종간선단、산소평적구실사고。대별산해방구토개정책적연변비상전형，위전국기타신구적토개제공료중요차감。
The political and military environment had deeply affected the evolution of the land reform policy in the Dabie Mountains liberated areas.In the beginning they performed an exclusive policy which had obtained some achievements.The policy was based on the situation that they were stronger than the enemies and the experiences from the old liberated areas.But during the change of the military environment and other subjective mistakes were taken,likewise the misjudgment of the situa-tion,they were hurried to perform the land reform policy on the same standard which caused serious losses to the cadres and the masses.After they realized the mistakes,they applied a new land reform policy which depended on different areas,different times and performed step by step on the guide of the Central Committee and Mao Ze-dong.At last,they adopted the united front policy which required reduction of rent and interests on the instruction of the Central Committee.The evolution of the land reform policy was a process in which the policies suited the practical situations step by step.The process was full of communi-cations between the Central Committee and local governments,and it revealed Mao Ze-dong’s great accepting opinions and decisiveness and Deng Xiao-ping’s factualism spirit.The Dabie Mountains land reform policy was a very typical evolution and provided an important model to other new liberated areas of China.