CAJ | 학술논문

土壤中的镉（Cd）易在水稻中积累而威胁人体健康，秸秆还田下不同化学改良剂对水稻Cd吸收累积特性的影响效应值得关注。选取成都平原德阳市旌阳区Cd污染稻田为研究对象，开展小区试验，研究秸秆（油菜、小麦）直接还田下添加石灰、钙镁磷肥、海泡石3种改良剂对水稻生长和Cd吸收累积的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，油菜秸秆+钙镁磷肥和小麦秸秆+海泡石处理均能增加水稻株高、分蘖数和产量，其中产量提高了6.34%和12.64%，达显著水平（P<0.05）。秸秆还田下，配施改良剂（石灰、钙镁磷肥、海泡石）均能显著降低（P<0.05）水稻糙米Cd含量，较对照降幅分别为21.65%~36.75%（油菜秸秆还田）和21.11%~33.87%（小麦秸秆还田）。油菜秸秆+改良剂（石灰、钙镁磷肥、海泡石）促进了土壤Cd向茎叶的累积，较对照增加1.31~2.41倍，这对水稻秸秆（茎叶）还田利用有不利影响。小麦秸秆+石灰或海泡石处理均显著降低了茎秆、谷壳Cd积累，较对照降幅为6.28%~19.63%和70.16%~78.68%。综合水稻产量及其对土壤Cd吸收累积效应，油菜秸秆配合改良剂（海泡石、石灰和钙镁磷肥）、小麦秸秆+海泡石是较为理想的秸秆还田与改良剂配合处理技术。
토양중적력（Cd）역재수도중적루이위협인체건강，갈간환전하불동화학개량제대수도Cd흡수루적특성적영향효응치득관주。선취성도평원덕양시정양구Cd오염도전위연구대상，개전소구시험，연구갈간（유채、소맥）직접환전하첨가석회、개미린비、해포석3충개량제대수도생장화Cd흡수루적적영향。결과표명：여대조상비，유채갈간+개미린비화소맥갈간+해포석처리균능증가수도주고、분얼수화산량，기중산량제고료6.34%화12.64%，체현저수평（P<0.05）。갈간환전하，배시개량제（석회、개미린비、해포석）균능현저강저（P<0.05）수도조미Cd함량，교대조강폭분별위21.65%~36.75%（유채갈간환전）화21.11%~33.87%（소맥갈간환전）。유채갈간+개량제（석회、개미린비、해포석）촉진료토양Cd향경협적루적，교대조증가1.31~2.41배，저대수도갈간（경협）환전이용유불리영향。소맥갈간+석회혹해포석처리균현저강저료경간、곡각Cd적루，교대조강폭위6.28%~19.63%화70.16%~78.68%。종합수도산량급기대토양Cd흡수루적효응，유채갈간배합개량제（해포석、석회화개미린비）、소맥갈간+해포석시교위이상적갈간환전여개량제배합처리기술。
Soil cadmium (Cd) was easy to accumulate in rice and threat to human health. The effects of chemical amendments on Cd absorption characteristic in rice under the rice straw returning was worthy of attention. The cadmium (Cd) contaminated paddy field was selected as the experiment plots in Jingyang, Deyang city, Chengdu Plain. The effects of three chemical amendments (lime, calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer and sepiolite) on the rice growth, Cd uptake and accumulation in rice were studied under the straw (rape and wheat) returning directly in the plot experiment. The results showed, compare with the conventional treatment, the calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer addition based on the rape straw returning and the sepiolite addition based on the wheat straw returning, which could promote the rice height, tiller number and rice yield, increased the rice yield for 6.34% and 12.64%respectively, the promoting effects were significant (P<0.05). The chemical amendments (lime, calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer and sepiolite) addition based on the straw returning reduced the content of Cd in brown rice effectively, reduced the ratio of 21.65%~36.75%(rape straw returned), and 21.11%~33.87%(wheat straw returned) respectively (P<0.05). All the amendments (lime, calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer and sepiolite) treatments based on the rape straw returning, which promoted the Cd accumulation in rice stem and leaf, increased for 1.31~2.41 times compared to the conventional treatment (P<0.05). This may be have an adverse impact on the rice aboveground (stem and leaf) recycling in paddy field directly. The lime or sepiolite addition based on the wheat straw returning reduced the accumulation of cadmium in the stalks, chaff, and brown rice significantly, which reduced the ratio of 6.28%~19.63% and 70.16%~78.68% respectively compared with the conventional treatment(P<0.05). Comprehensive the rice yield and Cd absorption in rice, the chemical amendments (lime, calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer and sepiolite) addition based on the rape straw returning and the sepiolite addition based on the wheat straw returning were the ideal cooperation treatment of straw returning and chemical amendments.