CAJ | 학술논문

微生物的污染是影响乳制品安全的重要因素，主要以空气为媒介污染原料乳进而影响乳制品安全。本文概述了原料乳中微生物的来源、种类；空气中微生物的采集方法、检测方法以及如何控制原料乳中微生物。原料乳中可能污染的微生物有葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、链球菌属、大肠杆菌等病原微生物和腐败菌、真菌。空气微生物的采样方法有自然沉降法和微生物采样器采样法，比较而知采样器采样法具有稳定、不受气候影响的优点；同时比较了固体和液体微生物采样器的优缺点。原料乳质量好坏直接影响到后续加工乳制品，乳中微生物指标成为制约原料乳卫生指标的关键因素，该指标一直倍受乳品厂家及消费者的关注。因此，保证原料乳的安全是保证乳品安全的前提。
미생물적오염시영향유제품안전적중요인소，주요이공기위매개오염원료유진이영향유제품안전。본문개술료원료유중미생물적래원、충류；공기중미생물적채집방법、검측방법이급여하공제원료유중미생물。원료유중가능오염적미생물유포도구균、사문씨균、지하씨균、련구균속、대장간균등병원미생물화부패균、진균。공기미생물적채양방법유자연침강법화미생물채양기채양법，비교이지채양기채양법구유은정、불수기후영향적우점；동시비교료고체화액체미생물채양기적우결점。원료유질량호배직접영향도후속가공유제품，유중미생물지표성위제약원료유위생지표적관건인소，해지표일직배수유품엄가급소비자적관주。인차，보증원료유적안전시보증유품안전적전제。
The contamination of microorganism is an important factor affecting the safety of dairy products, mainly by the medium of air to pollute the raw milk, thereby, affecting the safety of dairy products. This article outlines the sources and species of microorganism in raw milk; acquisition method of microorganisms in the air, testing methods, and how to control microorganisms in raw milk. Raw milk may be contaminated with patho-genic microorganism such asStaphylococcus aureus,Salmonella,Shigella,Streptococcus,E. coli and so on, and spoilage bacteria, fungi. Air microorganism sampling method has natural sedimentation method and air microoganism sampler sampling method, compared and then known sampler sampling method has the advan-tages of stable and is not affected by the climate; at the same time compared with the advantages and disadvan-tages of the solid air-sampler and liquid air-sampler for airborne microorganisms. The microbiological index of milk quality was always a question of people attention. So, the safety of the raw milk is the premise to ensure the safety of dairy products.