社会学评论
社會學評論
사회학평론
Sociological Review of China
2014年
4期
21-30
,共10页
云南%宗教关系%多元共处模式
雲南%宗教關繫%多元共處模式
운남%종교관계%다원공처모식
Yunnan%religious relationship%coexistence pattern of multi-religions
从宗教间互动关系的角度看，可以将云南多元宗教共处格局分为静态和动态两种类型。在地理环境、文化以及人们主观区隔的影响下，静态类型主要表现为“离散型共存”和“交汇型共存”两种基本模式。在动态类型中，宗教打破了彼此界限，在更深层面上形成“对立共处”、“有序共处”、“和谐共处”三种共存模式。这些共处模式的形成和相互转化，主要依据两方面因素：一是宗教互动的程度，即宗教互动由外在层面向内在层面的深入，可以体现为从信徒、宗教活动、宗教仪式向信仰观念渗入的程度，互动程度越高越深入，宗教间的关系也就越密切；二是宗教间主观认知和认同的程度，即由宗教相互承认、理解到相互肯定，体现为宗教关系从相互区隔回避、相互包容向相互兼容转变的程度。这两方面因素，推动着宗教关系不断由静态向动态，由相互区隔向相互包容和兼容，构建出云南的多元宗教的动态和谐共处关系。
從宗教間互動關繫的角度看，可以將雲南多元宗教共處格跼分為靜態和動態兩種類型。在地理環境、文化以及人們主觀區隔的影響下，靜態類型主要錶現為“離散型共存”和“交彙型共存”兩種基本模式。在動態類型中，宗教打破瞭彼此界限，在更深層麵上形成“對立共處”、“有序共處”、“和諧共處”三種共存模式。這些共處模式的形成和相互轉化，主要依據兩方麵因素：一是宗教互動的程度，即宗教互動由外在層麵嚮內在層麵的深入，可以體現為從信徒、宗教活動、宗教儀式嚮信仰觀唸滲入的程度，互動程度越高越深入，宗教間的關繫也就越密切；二是宗教間主觀認知和認同的程度，即由宗教相互承認、理解到相互肯定，體現為宗教關繫從相互區隔迴避、相互包容嚮相互兼容轉變的程度。這兩方麵因素，推動著宗教關繫不斷由靜態嚮動態，由相互區隔嚮相互包容和兼容，構建齣雲南的多元宗教的動態和諧共處關繫。
종종교간호동관계적각도간，가이장운남다원종교공처격국분위정태화동태량충류형。재지리배경、문화이급인문주관구격적영향하，정태류형주요표현위“리산형공존”화“교회형공존”량충기본모식。재동태류형중，종교타파료피차계한，재경심층면상형성“대립공처”、“유서공처”、“화해공처”삼충공존모식。저사공처모식적형성화상호전화，주요의거량방면인소：일시종교호동적정도，즉종교호동유외재층면향내재층면적심입，가이체현위종신도、종교활동、종교의식향신앙관념삼입적정도，호동정도월고월심입，종교간적관계야취월밀절；이시종교간주관인지화인동적정도，즉유종교상호승인、리해도상호긍정，체현위종교관계종상호구격회피、상호포용향상호겸용전변적정도。저량방면인소，추동착종교관계불단유정태향동태，유상호구격향상호포용화겸용，구건출운남적다원종교적동태화해공처관계。
From the perspective of interaction between different religions, coexistence pattern of multi-religions in Yunnan can be divided into two types, static and dynamic. With the influence of geo?graphical environment, culture and subjective segregation, static type has two basic patterns, "discrete type coexistence" and "intersection type coexist". In dynamic type, religion has broken the boundaries be?tween each other and formed three kinds of coexistence patterns in deeper level, "confrontational coexis?tence", "orderly coexistence" and "harmonious coexistence". The formation and mutual transformation of these coexistence patterns are primarily based on two factors: first' the degree of religious interaction, it means religious interaction developed from external to internal level, this can be represented by infiltra?tion degree from believers, religious activities and religious rituals to beliefs, the deeper the degree of in?teraction is, the closer the relationship between religions becomes; second' the degree of subjective cogni?tion and identity between religions, namely by religious mutual recognition and understanding to affirma?tion, it is represented by the degree of transformation in religious relationship from mutual separation and mutual tolerance to compatible with each other. These two factors continuously push the religious relation?ship from static to dynamic, from mutual separation and mutual tolerance to compatible with each other, building up the harmonious dynamic relationship of multi-religions in Yunnan.
