CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】研究和阐明马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)人工林近自然化改造对林分保留木、套种树种和自然更新树种生长的影响。【方法】2005年1月,采用随机区组设计对中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心12年生马尾松人工林进行5种不同强度(0%,20%,30%,40%和50%)间伐后,套种米老排(Mytilaria laosensis )、红锥(Castanopsis hystrix )和润楠(Machilus pingii )3个乡土阔叶树种,每种强度设3次重复,每个套种树种密度均为120株/hm2,2013年8月对所有样地(共15个,每个样地面积为600m2)的马尾松保留木、套种树种和自然更新至乔木层的树种进行每木调查,记录种名、胸径和树高等。【结果】间伐处理8年后,不同间伐处理间林分保留木的平均胸径、树高和蓄积量均存在极显著差异(胸径：P<0.001,树高：P=0.001,蓄积量：P=0.008)；林分平均胸径和树高随着间伐强度的增加而增加,林分蓄积量随间伐强度的增大而减少。间伐促进了3个套种树种幼树的生长,但不同树种间存在差异；米老排在50%间伐林分下生长最优,而红锥和润楠以40%间伐林分较优,前者的生长速率明显高于后者。间伐显著的提高了自然更新至乔木层的林木株数,与对照处理(100±25株/hm2)相比,20%,30%,40%和50%间伐林分分别是对照处理的8.72倍、11.22倍、11.06倍和13.78倍；间伐显著提高了自然更新林木的树高生长,而胸径生长差异不显著。【结论】从人工林木材生产、套种树种生长和自然更新树种生长情况分析,采用30%或40%的间伐强度和套种优质乡土阔叶树是马尾松纯林近自然化改造的最佳选择。
【목적】연구화천명마미송(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)인공림근자연화개조대림분보류목、투충수충화자연경신수충생장적영향。【방법】2005년1월,채용수궤구조설계대중국임업과학연구원열대임업실험중심12년생마미송인공림진행5충불동강도(0%,20%,30%,40%화50%)간벌후,투충미로배(Mytilaria laosensis )、홍추(Castanopsis hystrix )화윤남(Machilus pingii )3개향토활협수충,매충강도설3차중복,매개투충수충밀도균위120주/hm2,2013년8월대소유양지(공15개,매개양지면적위600m2)적마미송보류목、투충수충화자연경신지교목층적수충진행매목조사,기록충명、흉경화수고등。【결과】간벌처리8년후,불동간벌처리간림분보류목적평균흉경、수고화축적량균존재겁현저차이(흉경：P<0.001,수고：P=0.001,축적량：P=0.008)；림분평균흉경화수고수착간벌강도적증가이증가,림분축적량수간벌강도적증대이감소。간벌촉진료3개투충수충유수적생장,단불동수충간존재차이；미로배재50%간벌림분하생장최우,이홍추화윤남이40%간벌림분교우,전자적생장속솔명현고우후자。간벌현저적제고료자연경신지교목층적림목주수,여대조처리(100±25주/hm2)상비,20%,30%,40%화50%간벌림분분별시대조처리적8.72배、11.22배、11.06배화13.78배；간벌현저제고료자연경신림목적수고생장,이흉경생장차이불현저。【결론】종인공림목재생산、투충수충생장화자연경신수충생장정황분석,채용30%혹40%적간벌강도화투충우질향토활협수시마미송순림근자연화개조적최가선택。
[Objective]The effects of close-to-na-ture management on the growth of masson pine reserved tree,interplanted species and natural regeneration species in masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.)plantation were researched and evaluated.[Methods]In January 2005,a thinning experiment was conducted in a 1 2-year-old masson pine plantation in Experiment Cen-ter of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,with five different levels of thinning in-tensity (i.e.0%,20%,30%,40% and 50%),of which each treatment had three replicates,by the method of randomized blocks.Then,three native broad-leaved tree species,i.e.Mytilaria laosensis ,Castanopsis hystrix and Machilus pingii ,were interplanted with a density of 120 trees/hm2 in the thinned masson pine plantation.In August 2013,we investigated the masson pine reserved tree,interplanted species and natural regeneration species in all plots (total 1 5 plots,each 30m×20m),with recording species name,dbh and height of individuals.[Results]Eight years late,a re-investigation of the plots showed that:There were extremely significant differences in the growth of average dbh,average height and stand volume of masson pine re-served trees in different thinning treatment stands (DBH:P <0.001;height:P =0.001;vol-ume:P=0.008);The average dbh and height of masson pine reserved tree in the stands in-creased with increasing thinning intensity,whereas the stand volume decreased with increasing thinning intensity.The saplings of broad-leaved tree species benefited greatly from thinning management,but there were significant difference between tree species.The growth of M. laosensis was optimal in the 50% thinninge intensity stand,whileC.hystrix andM.pingii were optimal in the 40% thinning intensity stand.The growth rate of M.laosensis was significat higher than that of both C.hystrix and M.pingii.The individual number of tree layer species were significant increased with thinning treatment,compared with unthinned stand (100±25 trees/hm2 ).The individual number of tree layer of 20%,30%,40% and 50% thinning treat-ment was higher 8.72 times,11.22times,11.06 times and 13.78 times than that in unthinned stand,respectively.The growth of height of natural regeneration tree was significantly in-creased while there were not significant differences in the growth of dbh.[Conclusion]Accord-ing to the timber production and the growth of both interplanted tree and natural regeneration tree species,30% or 40% thinning treatment and interplanted native broad-leaved tree species may be an optimal selection for the close-to-nature management to masson pine plantation.