CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究城市的非均匀性对城市气象特征的影响,根据南京市landsat卫星资料的建筑密度分布特征,将南京市不同区域的城市分成：商业型城市、高密度城市、低密度城市.利用天气预报模式(WRF)模式针对南京地区非均匀城市类型分布进行了1年的高分辨率模拟,研究了城市非均匀性对城市地表能量平衡和城市热岛等气象特征的影响.研究结果表明：城市地表能量平衡和城市热岛等气象特征对城市非均匀性比较敏感,城市非均匀性导致平均城市感热、净辐射、热岛强度、城市郊区风速差减弱,而潜热增加.考虑城市的非均匀性之后,地表能量平衡各项以及温度、湿度、风场在城市区域的分布更加复杂,空间分布的方差和极值明显增加.如非均匀城市使平均感热、热岛强度和城市风速衰减分别下降了9.3 W·m-2、0.18℃和0.14 m·s-1,潜热增加11.2 W·m-2；但非均匀城市使热岛强度、风速衰减、净辐射的最大值增加了0.28℃、0.28 m·s-1和5.7·m-2.城市对于风速的衰减,会导致低空急流带的强度变小、厚度变薄.
위료연구성시적비균균성대성시기상특정적영향,근거남경시landsat위성자료적건축밀도분포특정,장남경시불동구역적성시분성：상업형성시、고밀도성시、저밀도성시.이용천기예보모식(WRF)모식침대남경지구비균균성시류형분포진행료1년적고분변솔모의,연구료성시비균균성대성시지표능량평형화성시열도등기상특정적영향.연구결과표명：성시지표능량평형화성시열도등기상특정대성시비균균성비교민감,성시비균균성도치평균성시감열、정복사、열도강도、성시교구풍속차감약,이잠열증가.고필성시적비균균성지후,지표능량평형각항이급온도、습도、풍장재성시구역적분포경가복잡,공간분포적방차화겁치명현증가.여비균균성시사평균감열、열도강도화성시풍속쇠감분별하강료9.3 W·m-2、0.18℃화0.14 m·s-1,잠열증가11.2 W·m-2；단비균균성시사열도강도、풍속쇠감、정복사적최대치증가료0.28℃、0.28 m·s-1화5.7·m-2.성시대우풍속적쇠감,회도치저공급류대적강도변소、후도변박.
For the purpose to research the influence of urban heterogeneity on urban meteorological characters,dividing the city into 3 types according the building density data of landset satellite:Commercial,Hi-dens Res(High intensity residential),Low-dens Res (Low intensity residential).High resolution numerical simulations for one year were made by using the weather research forcast (WRF)to study the influence of urban heterogeneity on the surface energy balance and characters of temperature and wind.The results showed tha,the urban surface energy balance and urban meteorological characteristic are sensitive about urban heterogeneity.Compared to uniform urban,heterogeneous urban can reduce the average sensible heat,net radiation,urban heat island and the decay of wind speed in urban area,but increase the latent heat.After considering the urban heterogeneity,the surface energy balance,the temperature,the relative humidity,and the wind speed fields exhibit more complex spatial distribution.Variances and extreme values of these meteorological elements in heterogeneity urban are larger than in uniform urban.Compared to uniform urban,the reduction of sensible heat,urban heat island and the decay of wind speed caused by heterogeneous urban are 9.3 W·m-2、0.18 ℃ and 0.14 m·s-1 ,respectively,with the 11.2 W·m-2 increase of latent heat. On the contrary,urban heat island,urban wind speed decay,and net radiation of heterogeneous urban increases by the values of 0.28 ℃,0.28 m·s-1 ,and 5.7·m-2 .In addition,urban can reduce the intensity and thickness of lower-level jet.