CAJ | 학술논문

牧鸡治蝗是控制草原蝗虫的生物防治手段之一，但在实施过程中缺乏理论依据。本文在新疆哈密地区，采用样框法测定了不同时间、与防治中心点不同距离上蝗虫种群密度及防治效果。结果表明，随着放牧时间延长，草原蝗虫种群数量呈现逐渐降低趋势，控制效果逐渐增加，30 d后，防效都达90％以上。但是，距离鸡舍的远近不同，蝗虫种群的变化趋势存在差异；随着距离的增加，蝗虫种群数量随时间延长而减少的趋势逐渐变缓。综合考虑防治效果和防治面积因素，1个放牧单元（1600只牧鸡）治蝗的最优控制半径为1．5 km，合理轮牧天数为15 d，蝗虫的防治效果能达到85％以上。合理的牧鸡技术能够很好地控制蝗害的发生，获得良好的经济效益。这一研究为合理开展草原牧鸡治蝗工作，提高对草原蝗虫的防治效果提供了重要的数据支撑。
목계치황시공제초원황충적생물방치수단지일，단재실시과정중결핍이론의거。본문재신강합밀지구，채용양광법측정료불동시간、여방치중심점불동거리상황충충군밀도급방치효과。결과표명，수착방목시간연장，초원황충충군수량정현축점강저추세，공제효과축점증가，30 d후，방효도체90％이상。단시，거리계사적원근불동，황충충군적변화추세존재차이；수착거리적증가，황충충군수량수시간연장이감소적추세축점변완。종합고필방치효과화방치면적인소，1개방목단원（1600지목계）치황적최우공제반경위1．5 km，합리륜목천수위15 d，황충적방치효과능체도85％이상。합리적목계기술능구흔호지공제황해적발생，획득량호적경제효익。저일연구위합리개전초원목계치황공작，제고대초원황충적방치효과제공료중요적수거지탱。
Herding chicken is one of the important biological agents for controlling grasshoppers,but there is lack of theoretical basis and technical data for its application. In this paper,we tested the population density of locusts at different time and different distance from the chicken house at Hami,Xingjiang,and evaluated the effects and economic benefit. The results showed that the density of locust decreased gradually and the control effect in-creased with time prolonging. After 30 days,the control effect exceeded 90% . While the variation trend of locust population density was different at different distance. With the distance increasing from chicken house,the varia-tion trend of locust density decreasing with time extension became gentle gradually. With overall consideration of the control effect and control area,the effective distance of 1 ,600 hens for controlling grasshoppers was 1 .5 kilo-meters,the reasonable herding time at one place was 15 days,and the control effects could reach 85% . Reasona-ble method of herding chicken can effectively control the grasshoppers and gain better economic benefits.