贵州农业科学
貴州農業科學
귀주농업과학
GUIZHOU AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
11期
217-221
,共5页
吴亚维%郑伟%杨华%韩秀梅%罗昌国%宋莎
吳亞維%鄭偉%楊華%韓秀梅%囉昌國%宋莎
오아유%정위%양화%한수매%라창국%송사
苹果%品种%材料%叶片%解剖结构%抗旱性%综合评价
蘋果%品種%材料%葉片%解剖結構%抗旱性%綜閤評價
평과%품충%재료%협편%해부결구%항한성%종합평개
apple%variety%leaf%anatomical structure%drought resistance%comprehensive evaluation
为筛选苹果抗旱资源,采用石蜡切片法测定了4个苹果新品种/材料的叶片大小、叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、CTR、SR、角质层厚度、比叶重、气孔密度、气孔器面积、气孔宽度和保水力等与果树抗旱性相关的生理指标,采用隶属函数法对4个苹果新品种/材料的抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明:王林苹果叶面积最大,叶片厚度和角质层厚度值最高,分别为36.87 cm2、233.25μm 和4.03μm;红富士短枝型芽变材料叶面积最小,为22.97 cm2,但比叶重最高,为9.96 mg/cm2;红富士叶片比叶重最低,叶片角质层厚度最小,分别为6.55 mg/cm2和2.81μm,但气孔宽度最大,达3.26μm。4个苹果新品种/材料叶片12 h 的失重率为35.10%~47.28%,红富士叶片保水力最差,而王林苹果叶片保水力最强,其抗旱力为王林>天红2号>红富士短枝型芽变材料>红富士。
為篩選蘋果抗旱資源,採用石蠟切片法測定瞭4箇蘋果新品種/材料的葉片大小、葉片厚度、柵欄組織厚度、海綿組織厚度、CTR、SR、角質層厚度、比葉重、氣孔密度、氣孔器麵積、氣孔寬度和保水力等與果樹抗旱性相關的生理指標,採用隸屬函數法對4箇蘋果新品種/材料的抗旱性進行瞭綜閤評價。結果錶明:王林蘋果葉麵積最大,葉片厚度和角質層厚度值最高,分彆為36.87 cm2、233.25μm 和4.03μm;紅富士短枝型芽變材料葉麵積最小,為22.97 cm2,但比葉重最高,為9.96 mg/cm2;紅富士葉片比葉重最低,葉片角質層厚度最小,分彆為6.55 mg/cm2和2.81μm,但氣孔寬度最大,達3.26μm。4箇蘋果新品種/材料葉片12 h 的失重率為35.10%~47.28%,紅富士葉片保水力最差,而王林蘋果葉片保水力最彊,其抗旱力為王林>天紅2號>紅富士短枝型芽變材料>紅富士。
위사선평과항한자원,채용석사절편법측정료4개평과신품충/재료적협편대소、협편후도、책란조직후도、해면조직후도、CTR、SR、각질층후도、비협중、기공밀도、기공기면적、기공관도화보수력등여과수항한성상관적생리지표,채용대속함수법대4개평과신품충/재료적항한성진행료종합평개。결과표명:왕림평과협면적최대,협편후도화각질층후도치최고,분별위36.87 cm2、233.25μm 화4.03μm;홍부사단지형아변재료협면적최소,위22.97 cm2,단비협중최고,위9.96 mg/cm2;홍부사협편비협중최저,협편각질층후도최소,분별위6.55 mg/cm2화2.81μm,단기공관도최대,체3.26μm。4개평과신품충/재료협편12 h 적실중솔위35.10%~47.28%,홍부사협편보수력최차,이왕림평과협편보수력최강,기항한력위왕림>천홍2호>홍부사단지형아변재료>홍부사。
The physical indexes of leaf size,leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness,CTR,SR,cuticle thickness,specific leaf weight,stomata density,stomata area,stomata width and water holding capacity of four apple varieties/lines were determined by the paraffin method,and then the drought resistance of four apple varieties/lines is comprehensively evaluated by the membership function method to screen apple resources with strong drought resistance.Orim variety has the maximum leaf area (36.87 cm2 ),leaf thickness (233.25 μm)and cuticle thickness (4.03 μm).The mutation of Fuji Apple has the minimum leaf area (22.97 cm2 )but the maximum specific leaf weight (9.96 mg/cm2 ).Fuji Apple with the maximum stomata width (3.26 μm)has the minimum specific leaf weight (6.55 mg/cm2 ) and cuticle thickness (2.81 μm).The leaf weight-loss ratio of four apple varieties/lines after 12h is 35. 10%~47.28%.The water holding capacity of Fuji Apple is the worst and Orim variety is the highest.In conclusion,drought resistance of four apple varieties is Orim > Tianhong 2 > Bud mutation of Fuji Apple > Fuji Apple.