CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨经阴道/直肠超声检查女性膀胱颈梗阻的声像图特点。方法回顾性分析2011年1月—2013年3月武警江苏省总队医院收治的36例确诊为膀胱颈梗阻的女性患者（梗阻组）及同期36例同年龄段无膀胱颈梗阻症状的女性检查者（对照组）经阴道/直肠超声检查的声像图特点，并分析膀胱颈梗阻患者膀胱颈厚度与病程、残余尿量之间的关系。结果梗阻组超声显示膀胱颈有不同程度的局限性增厚，后唇增厚明显，多成“堤坝样”改变；对照组膀胱颈增厚不明显，表面较光滑，“堤坝样”改变不明显。梗阻组膀胱颈厚度≥8 mm 26例、5 mm≤膀胱颈厚度<8 mm 10例，对照组膀胱颈厚度≥8 mm 3例、5 mm <膀胱颈厚度<8 mm 12例、膀胱颈厚度≤5 mm 21例，两组膀胱颈厚度分布间差异有统计学意义（χ2=39,423，P <0,05）。梗阻组尿道上段前后径及横径分别为（15,2±0,7）、（15,8±0,9） mm，与对照组的（7,7±1,2）、（7,8±1,3） mm 比较，差异均有统计学意义（ t 值分别为32,39和30,36，P <0,05）。梗阻组膀胱颈厚度与病程、残余尿量均呈正相关（r 值分别为0,42和0,68，P <0,05）。结论经阴道/直肠超声检查能清晰显示膀胱颈厚度，是诊断女性膀胱颈梗阻简便可行的检查方法；膀胱颈厚度与病程、残余尿量有关。
목적：탐토경음도/직장초성검사녀성방광경경조적성상도특점。방법회고성분석2011년1월—2013년3월무경강소성총대의원수치적36례학진위방광경경조적녀성환자（경조조）급동기36례동년령단무방광경경조증상적녀성검사자（대조조）경음도/직장초성검사적성상도특점，병분석방광경경조환자방광경후도여병정、잔여뇨량지간적관계。결과경조조초성현시방광경유불동정도적국한성증후，후진증후명현，다성“제패양”개변；대조조방광경증후불명현，표면교광활，“제패양”개변불명현。경조조방광경후도≥8 mm 26례、5 mm≤방광경후도<8 mm 10례，대조조방광경후도≥8 mm 3례、5 mm <방광경후도<8 mm 12례、방광경후도≤5 mm 21례，량조방광경후도분포간차이유통계학의의（χ2=39,423，P <0,05）。경조조뇨도상단전후경급횡경분별위（15,2±0,7）、（15,8±0,9） mm，여대조조적（7,7±1,2）、（7,8±1,3） mm 비교，차이균유통계학의의（ t 치분별위32,39화30,36，P <0,05）。경조조방광경후도여병정、잔여뇨량균정정상관（r 치분별위0,42화0,68，P <0,05）。결론경음도/직장초성검사능청석현시방광경후도，시진단녀성방광경경조간편가행적검사방법；방광경후도여병정、잔여뇨량유관。
Objective To study the features and diagnostic value of ultrasonography for diagnosing female bladder neck obstruction(FBNO)by transvaginal ultrasound or transrectal ultrasound, Methods Clinical data and features of transvaginal ul-trasonography or transrectal ultrasonography of 36 cases of FBNO admitted to Jiangsu Armed Police General Hospital from January 2011 to March 2013 and those of 36 cases of asymptomatic examiners at the same period(the control group)were analyzed retro-spectively, The relationship between bladder neck thickness and duration of disease,residual urine volume of FBNO was ana-lyzed, Results In the FBNO group,ultrasound showed bladder neck have varying degrees of thickening,the posterior lip was obvious,into a dike - like change;The bladder neck had the smooth surface in the control group,the dike - like change was not obvious, In the FBNO group,there were 26 cases whose bladder neck thickness were more than 8 mm,10 cases between 5 mm and 8 mm, In the control group there were 3 cases whose bladder neck thickness were more than 8 mm,12 cases between 5 mm and 8 mm,and 21 cases less than 5 mm, There was statistically significant difference in bladder neck thickness between the two groups(χ2 = 39, 423,P < 0, 05), The anteroposterior diameter and the transverse diameter of the FBNO group were(15, 2 ± 0, 7)mm,(15, 8 ± 0, 9)mm respectively, Compared with(7, 7 ± 1, 2)mm and(7, 8 ± 1, 3)mm of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t = 32, 39,30, 36,P < 0, 05), Thickness of the bladder neck of the FBNO group were positively correlated with duration of disease and residual urine volume(r = 0, 42,0, 68,P < 0, 05), Conclusion Transvagi-nal ultrasonography or transrectal ultrasonography can clearly show bladder neck, It is considered as a reliable method for the diag-nosis of FBNO, The bladder neck thickness is correlated with disease duration and residual urine volume.