中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2014年
12期
1403-1406
,共4页
方任飞%马彦%吴疆%吕敏%田丽娟%谢铮
方任飛%馬彥%吳疆%呂敏%田麗娟%謝錚
방임비%마언%오강%려민%전려연%사쟁
老年人%流感,人%流感疫苗%接种%认知%影响因素
老年人%流感,人%流感疫苗%接種%認知%影響因素
노년인%류감,인%류감역묘%접충%인지%영향인소
Aged%Influenza,human%Influenza vaccines%Vaccination%Cognition%Influence factors
目的：评价2007年老年人免费接种流感疫苗政策推出以后，北京市老年人流感疫苗接种率及认知影响因素。方法2011年7月采用多阶段整群随机抽样法在北京市6个城区和7个郊区共抽取20个社区（其中城区12个，郊区8个），每个社区50名60岁及以上老年人，其中户籍为北京市的老年人为924名。采用自制问卷对老年人进行调查，人口学特征采用描述性分析，疫苗接种率、政策知晓率、流感知识和疫苗知识得分比较采用χ2检验，疫苗接种率的影响因素采用多因素非条件 Logistic 回归分析。结果2007年前1年，914名老年人中接种疫苗的有291名，接种率为31,84%；2007年后1年，903名老年人中接种疫苗的有578名，接种率为64,01%，2007年前后疫苗接种率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=188,40，P <0,01）。知道“北京市60岁及以上老人可以免费接种流感疫苗”政策的共有869名（94,05%）。578名接种过免费流感疫苗的老年人中觉得“政府在为老百姓健康着想”的有559人（96,71%）。不同年龄段老年人政策知晓率比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0,01）。老年人流感知识平均得分为（9,8±2,0）分，不同年龄段和户籍老年人流感知识得分比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0,05）。老年人疫苗知识平均得分为（2,2±1,1）分，不同户籍老年人疫苗知识得分比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0,05）。以2007年后是否接种过免费流感疫苗为因变量，在控制性别、年龄、户籍因素后，政策知晓率和疫苗知识进入回归模型（P <0,05），知道该政策的人群疫苗接种率是不知道的2,860倍，疫苗知识得分3分和4分的人群疫苗接种率分别是得分0分人群的3,517倍和3,511倍。结论免费流感疫苗政策推出以后，疫苗接种率明显提高。老年人对该政策和政府有较高的满意度。老年人流感知识得分较高，流感疫苗知识得分偏低。政策知晓率和流感疫苗认知情况影响疫苗接种率。
目的：評價2007年老年人免費接種流感疫苗政策推齣以後，北京市老年人流感疫苗接種率及認知影響因素。方法2011年7月採用多階段整群隨機抽樣法在北京市6箇城區和7箇郊區共抽取20箇社區（其中城區12箇，郊區8箇），每箇社區50名60歲及以上老年人，其中戶籍為北京市的老年人為924名。採用自製問捲對老年人進行調查，人口學特徵採用描述性分析，疫苗接種率、政策知曉率、流感知識和疫苗知識得分比較採用χ2檢驗，疫苗接種率的影響因素採用多因素非條件 Logistic 迴歸分析。結果2007年前1年，914名老年人中接種疫苗的有291名，接種率為31,84%；2007年後1年，903名老年人中接種疫苗的有578名，接種率為64,01%，2007年前後疫苗接種率比較，差異有統計學意義（χ2=188,40，P <0,01）。知道“北京市60歲及以上老人可以免費接種流感疫苗”政策的共有869名（94,05%）。578名接種過免費流感疫苗的老年人中覺得“政府在為老百姓健康著想”的有559人（96,71%）。不同年齡段老年人政策知曉率比較，差異有統計學意義（P <0,01）。老年人流感知識平均得分為（9,8±2,0）分，不同年齡段和戶籍老年人流感知識得分比較，差異有統計學意義（ P <0,05）。老年人疫苗知識平均得分為（2,2±1,1）分，不同戶籍老年人疫苗知識得分比較，差異有統計學意義（ P <0,05）。以2007年後是否接種過免費流感疫苗為因變量，在控製性彆、年齡、戶籍因素後，政策知曉率和疫苗知識進入迴歸模型（P <0,05），知道該政策的人群疫苗接種率是不知道的2,860倍，疫苗知識得分3分和4分的人群疫苗接種率分彆是得分0分人群的3,517倍和3,511倍。結論免費流感疫苗政策推齣以後，疫苗接種率明顯提高。老年人對該政策和政府有較高的滿意度。老年人流感知識得分較高，流感疫苗知識得分偏低。政策知曉率和流感疫苗認知情況影響疫苗接種率。
목적：평개2007년노년인면비접충류감역묘정책추출이후，북경시노년인류감역묘접충솔급인지영향인소。방법2011년7월채용다계단정군수궤추양법재북경시6개성구화7개교구공추취20개사구（기중성구12개，교구8개），매개사구50명60세급이상노년인，기중호적위북경시적노년인위924명。채용자제문권대노년인진행조사，인구학특정채용묘술성분석，역묘접충솔、정책지효솔、류감지식화역묘지식득분비교채용χ2검험，역묘접충솔적영향인소채용다인소비조건 Logistic 회귀분석。결과2007년전1년，914명노년인중접충역묘적유291명，접충솔위31,84%；2007년후1년，903명노년인중접충역묘적유578명，접충솔위64,01%，2007년전후역묘접충솔비교，차이유통계학의의（χ2=188,40，P <0,01）。지도“북경시60세급이상노인가이면비접충류감역묘”정책적공유869명（94,05%）。578명접충과면비류감역묘적노년인중각득“정부재위로백성건강착상”적유559인（96,71%）。불동년령단노년인정책지효솔비교，차이유통계학의의（P <0,01）。노년인류감지식평균득분위（9,8±2,0）분，불동년령단화호적노년인류감지식득분비교，차이유통계학의의（ P <0,05）。노년인역묘지식평균득분위（2,2±1,1）분，불동호적노년인역묘지식득분비교，차이유통계학의의（ P <0,05）。이2007년후시부접충과면비류감역묘위인변량，재공제성별、년령、호적인소후，정책지효솔화역묘지식진입회귀모형（P <0,05），지도해정책적인군역묘접충솔시불지도적2,860배，역묘지식득분3분화4분적인군역묘접충솔분별시득분0분인군적3,517배화3,511배。결론면비류감역묘정책추출이후，역묘접충솔명현제고。노년인대해정책화정부유교고적만의도。노년인류감지식득분교고，류감역묘지식득분편저。정책지효솔화류감역묘인지정황영향역묘접충솔。
Objective To investigate the free influenza vaccination coverage and its influencing factors about cognition among elderly population in Beijing after the free influenza vaccination policy among elderly population was implemented in 2007, Methods In July 2011,by multi - stage cluster sampling method,20 communities(12 from urban area,8 from sub-urbs)were selected from 6 urban areas and 7 suburbs in Beijing city,then 50 elderly people aged 60 and above were selected from each of the 20 communities,924 elderly people had registered permanent residence of Beijing, A self - designed question-naire was used to survey these elderly people, Descriptive analysis was used for demographic characteristics, Chi - square test was used for the difference between the vaccination coverage,awareness rate of policy,scores of influenza knowledge and influenza vaccine knowledge before and after 2007, Multivariate nonconditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for free influenza vaccine coverage, Results Before 2007,among 914 subjects,291 received vaccine,vaccination cov-erage was 31, 84% ;After 2007,among 903 subjects,578 received vaccine,vaccination coverage was 64, 01% ,there was sig-nificant difference between vaccination coverage before 2007 and vaccination coverage after 2007(χ2 = 188, 40,P < 0, 01), A total of 869(94, 05% )subjects knew the policy " Elderly people aged 60 and above in Beijing can get free influenza vaccine", Among 578 elderly people who had received free influenza vaccination,559(96, 71% )had the idea " The government is ser-ving peopleˊs health" , There was significant difference in awareness rate of policy among elderly people with different age(P <0, 01), The average score for influenza knowledge among elderly people was(9, 8 ± 2, 0),there was significant difference in score for influenza knowledge among elderly people with different age and registered permanent residence(P < 0, 05), The aver-age score for vaccine knowledge among elderly people was(2, 2 ± 1, 1),there was significant difference in score for vaccine knowledge among elderly people with different registered permanent residence(P < 0, 05), " If one had received free influenza vaccination or not" was regarded as dependent variable,when the factors such as gender,age,registered permanent residence were controlled,awareness rate of policy and vaccine knowledge entered regression model( P < 0, 05),influenza vaccination coverage among group who knew the policy was 2, 860 times than that among group who didnˊt know the policy,influenza vaccina-tion coverage among group who got 3 on vaccine knowledge score was 3, 517 times than that among group who got 0 on vaccine knowledge score,influenza vaccination coverage among group who got 4 on vaccine knowledge score was 3, 511 times than that a-mong group who got 0 on vaccine knowledge score, Conclusion After the free influenza vaccination policy among elderly popula-tion was implemented in 2007,influenza vaccination coverage increased obviously, The old people were highly satisfied with the policy and the government, The awareness rate of influenza knowledge among the elderly people was high,but awareness rate of influenza vaccine knowledge was relatively low, The awareness rate of policy and cognition level of influenza vaccine influence the vaccination coverage obviously.
