CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查深圳市南山区社区绝经过渡期女性压力性尿失禁患病现状及相关知识的知晓情况，为早期实施干预措施提供依据。方法采用自填式问卷方法，2013年2—6月利用每年计划生育免费为社区女性进行妇科病普查普治的平台选择南山区南头、南山、桃源3个街道36个社区，年龄40~55岁的绝经过渡期女性1200例采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表及压力性尿失禁相关知识问卷进行调查。结果1200例中患有压力性尿失禁211例，总患病率为17,58%。其中轻度185例（15,42%），中度19例（1,58%），重度7例（0,58%）。不同年龄组压力性尿失禁患病程度比较，差异无统计学意义（u =6,67，P >0,05）。压力性尿失禁疾病知识中，生育孩子越多的女性，越容易发生压力性尿失禁知晓率为37,92%（455/1200）；压力性尿失禁日常生活管理知识中，轻中度的压力性尿失禁可通过调整生活方式和特殊的锻炼得到一定改善知晓率为86,75%（1041/1200）；压力性尿失禁盆底肌锻炼知识中，盆底肌锻炼（提肛训练）有助于缓解压力性尿失禁知晓率为12,25%（147/1200）。211例压力性尿失禁患者就诊率仅为7,11%（15/211）。结论深圳市南山区社区绝经过渡期女性压力性尿失禁患病情况与年龄无关。但压力性尿失禁相关知识缺乏，应加强对社区绝经过渡期女性的宣传教育及相关知识的讲座。增强社区绝经过渡期女性自我保健意识，降低压力性尿失禁的发生，提高生活质量。
목적：조사심수시남산구사구절경과도기녀성압력성뇨실금환병현상급상관지식적지효정황，위조기실시간예조시제공의거。방법채용자전식문권방법，2013년2—6월이용매년계화생육면비위사구녀성진행부과병보사보치적평태선택남산구남두、남산、도원3개가도36개사구，년령40~55세적절경과도기녀성1200례채용국제뇨실금자순위원회뇨실금문권표급압력성뇨실금상관지식문권진행조사。결과1200례중환유압력성뇨실금211례，총환병솔위17,58%。기중경도185례（15,42%），중도19례（1,58%），중도7례（0,58%）。불동년령조압력성뇨실금환병정도비교，차이무통계학의의（u =6,67，P >0,05）。압력성뇨실금질병지식중，생육해자월다적녀성，월용역발생압력성뇨실금지효솔위37,92%（455/1200）；압력성뇨실금일상생활관리지식중，경중도적압력성뇨실금가통과조정생활방식화특수적단련득도일정개선지효솔위86,75%（1041/1200）；압력성뇨실금분저기단련지식중，분저기단련（제항훈련）유조우완해압력성뇨실금지효솔위12,25%（147/1200）。211례압력성뇨실금환자취진솔부위7,11%（15/211）。결론심수시남산구사구절경과도기녀성압력성뇨실금환병정황여년령무관。단압력성뇨실금상관지식결핍，응가강대사구절경과도기녀성적선전교육급상관지식적강좌。증강사구절경과도기녀성자아보건의식，강저압력성뇨실금적발생，제고생활질량。
Objective To investigate current status of stress urinary incontinence and the awareness rate of relevant knowledge among women during their menopausal transition in communities of Nanshan District,Shenzhen,which may provide basis for early intervention, Methods From February to June 2013,by utilizing the platform free general investigation and gener-al therapy of gynecological diseases annually provided by family planning service agency,a baseline survey was conducted in 36 communities of 3 subdistricts(Nantou,Nanshan,Taoyuan),Nanshan district,1 200 women aged 40 - 55 years during their menopausal transition completed a self - administered questionnaire,the questionnaire included Incontinence Questionnaire by In-ternational Consultant on Incontinence and Stress Incontinence - related Knowledge Questionnaire, Results Among 1 200 cases, 211 cases had stress urinary incontinence,the total prevalence was 17, 58%, 185(15, 42% )women had mild degree of urinary incontinence,19(1, 58% )women had moderate degree,and 7(0, 58% )women had severe degree of urinary inconti-nence, There was no siginificant difference in stress urinary continence degree among different age groups(u = 6, 67,P > 0, 05), The awareness rate of stress incontinence - related disease knowledge " The more children a woman had,the easier she got stress urinary incontinence" was 37, 92% (455 / 1 200), The awareness rate of stress incontinence - related daily life management knowledge " Mild and moderate degree of stress urinary incontinence can improve by adjusting life style and doing special exer-cise" was 86, 75% (1 041 / 1 200), The awareness rate of stress incontinence - related pelvic floor muscle exercise(PFME) knowledge " PFME(Ashwini practice)help ease stress urinary incontinence" was 12, 25% (147 / 1 200), The rate of visit was 7, 11% (15 / 211)among the patients with stress urinary incontinence, Conclusion The urinary incontinence is not related to age among women during their menopausal transition in communities of Nanshan District,Shenzhen,the women know little about urinary incontinence - related knowledge,thus,we should strengthen the propaganda and education,and give lectures among women during their menopausal transition, Women during their menopausal transition can improve self - health care consciousness, reduce the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence and improve their quality of life.