CAJ | 학술논문

对三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis comingii)内脏团不同部位进行插核,研究各组珍珠囊形成、结构以及珍珠质沉积的差异,从而确定出有利于珍珠形成的插核核位。实验选取内脏团5个部位(I：斧足内脏团前端；II：斧足内脏团中部；III：近生殖腺部；IV：近胃部；V：近肾部)进行插核,并分别在插核后第20、50、90、150天(thd)采集内脏团插核部位进行组织固定,利用石蜡切片、HE 染色研究不同插核部位珍珠囊结构及珍珠质沉积情况。结果表明：(1)插核施术后20 d, II组插核位点最早形成单层低柱状上皮细胞,为次生珍珠囊；(2)插核施术后50 d, I、II、III组均形成了珍珠囊上皮细胞,而IV、V组插核位点未出现类似的柱状细胞。其中II、III组珍珠囊上皮细胞前端含有大量体积较大的颗粒物；(3)插核施术后90 d, I、III组珍珠囊细胞间出现大量细胞间隙, I、II组珍珠囊表皮细胞具有多核现象的细胞数量增多,且II、III组上皮细胞中颗粒物数量增多,而IV、V组插核位点形成了复层扁平上皮细胞；(4)插核施术后150 d, I、III组珍珠囊内表皮细胞间隙变少。II组珍珠囊上皮细胞游离端存在大量的微绒毛,其与III组相似,珍珠囊上皮细胞细胞核明显增多,颗粒物减少。该时期, IV组在插核位点上形成了不连续的低柱细胞、V组插核位点仍未出现珍珠囊细胞。(5)三角帆蚌在插核术后养殖150 d后, I、II、III组珠核表面出现明显的珍珠质沉积, II、III组珍珠质沉积均匀, I组不均匀,并且II组沉积的珍珠层厚度(0.85 mm±0.06 mm)显著大于I、III组(P<0.05；0.62 mm±0.07 mm,0.56 mm±0.03 mm),而IV、V组珠核表面没有珍珠质沉积。研究结果表明,三角帆蚌内脏团不同插核部位珍珠囊上皮细胞的形成存在明显差异,斧足–内脏团前端、斧足–内脏团中部以及近生殖腺部插核能形成完整的珍珠囊结构并沉积珍珠质,其中斧足–内脏团中部插核更有利于珍珠的生长。本研究旨为淡水珍珠贝的内脏团育珠研究工作提供实践基础和理论依据。對三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis comingii)內髒糰不同部位進行插覈,研究各組珍珠囊形成、結構以及珍珠質沉積的差異,從而確定齣有利于珍珠形成的插覈覈位。實驗選取內髒糰5箇部位(I：斧足內髒糰前耑；II：斧足內髒糰中部；III：近生殖腺部；IV：近胃部；V：近腎部)進行插覈,併分彆在插覈後第20、50、90、150天(thd)採集內髒糰插覈部位進行組織固定,利用石蠟切片、HE 染色研究不同插覈部位珍珠囊結構及珍珠質沉積情況。結果錶明：(1)插覈施術後20 d, II組插覈位點最早形成單層低柱狀上皮細胞,為次生珍珠囊；(2)插覈施術後50 d, I、II、III組均形成瞭珍珠囊上皮細胞,而IV、V組插覈位點未齣現類似的柱狀細胞。其中II、III組珍珠囊上皮細胞前耑含有大量體積較大的顆粒物；(3)插覈施術後90 d, I、III組珍珠囊細胞間齣現大量細胞間隙, I、II組珍珠囊錶皮細胞具有多覈現象的細胞數量增多,且II、III組上皮細胞中顆粒物數量增多,而IV、V組插覈位點形成瞭複層扁平上皮細胞；(4)插覈施術後150 d, I、III組珍珠囊內錶皮細胞間隙變少。II組珍珠囊上皮細胞遊離耑存在大量的微絨毛,其與III組相似,珍珠囊上皮細胞細胞覈明顯增多,顆粒物減少。該時期, IV組在插覈位點上形成瞭不連續的低柱細胞、V組插覈位點仍未齣現珍珠囊細胞。(5)三角帆蚌在插覈術後養殖150 d後, I、II、III組珠覈錶麵齣現明顯的珍珠質沉積, II、III組珍珠質沉積均勻, I組不均勻,併且II組沉積的珍珠層厚度(0.85 mm±0.06 mm)顯著大于I、III組(P<0.05；0.62 mm±0.07 mm,0.56 mm±0.03 mm),而IV、V組珠覈錶麵沒有珍珠質沉積。研究結果錶明,三角帆蚌內髒糰不同插覈部位珍珠囊上皮細胞的形成存在明顯差異,斧足–內髒糰前耑、斧足–內髒糰中部以及近生殖腺部插覈能形成完整的珍珠囊結構併沉積珍珠質,其中斧足–內髒糰中部插覈更有利于珍珠的生長。本研究旨為淡水珍珠貝的內髒糰育珠研究工作提供實踐基礎和理論依據。
대삼각범방(Hyriopsis comingii)내장단불동부위진행삽핵,연구각조진주낭형성、결구이급진주질침적적차이,종이학정출유리우진주형성적삽핵핵위。실험선취내장단5개부위(I：부족내장단전단；II：부족내장단중부；III：근생식선부；IV：근위부；V：근신부)진행삽핵,병분별재삽핵후제20、50、90、150천(thd)채집내장단삽핵부위진행조직고정,이용석사절편、HE 염색연구불동삽핵부위진주낭결구급진주질침적정황。결과표명：(1)삽핵시술후20 d, II조삽핵위점최조형성단층저주상상피세포,위차생진주낭；(2)삽핵시술후50 d, I、II、III조균형성료진주낭상피세포,이IV、V조삽핵위점미출현유사적주상세포。기중II、III조진주낭상피세포전단함유대량체적교대적과립물；(3)삽핵시술후90 d, I、III조진주낭세포간출현대량세포간극, I、II조진주낭표피세포구유다핵현상적세포수량증다,차II、III조상피세포중과립물수량증다,이IV、V조삽핵위점형성료복층편평상피세포；(4)삽핵시술후150 d, I、III조진주낭내표피세포간극변소。II조진주낭상피세포유리단존재대량적미융모,기여III조상사,진주낭상피세포세포핵명현증다,과립물감소。해시기, IV조재삽핵위점상형성료불련속적저주세포、V조삽핵위점잉미출현진주낭세포。(5)삼각범방재삽핵술후양식150 d후, I、II、III조주핵표면출현명현적진주질침적, II、III조진주질침적균균, I조불균균,병차II조침적적진주층후도(0.85 mm±0.06 mm)현저대우I、III조(P<0.05；0.62 mm±0.07 mm,0.56 mm±0.03 mm),이IV、V조주핵표면몰유진주질침적。연구결과표명,삼각범방내장단불동삽핵부위진주낭상피세포적형성존재명현차이,부족–내장단전단、부족–내장단중부이급근생식선부삽핵능형성완정적진주낭결구병침적진주질,기중부족–내장단중부삽핵경유리우진주적생장。본연구지위담수진주패적내장단육주연구공작제공실천기출화이론의거。
In order to probe the feasibility of culturing insert-nucleus pearl in visceral mass of freshwater oyster, the different sites of visceral mass were inserted with nucleus in Hyriopsis cumingii. The morphology, formation and nacre deposition of the pearl sac or insert-nucleus positions were observed after inserting nucleus to confirm inserting-nucleus sites of beneficial pearl formation. The 5 locations in visceral mass were chosen (I:front foot-visceral mass, II:middle foot-visceral mass, III:near reproduction gland, IV:near stomach, V:near kidney), and mussel was inserted nucleus at these locations. The pearl sac of Hyriopsis cumingii was sampled in the days of 20th, 50th, 90th, and 150th (thd) with operating nucleus, respectively. Then, the formation and pearl formation were observed by the methods of HE staining and paraffin section. To group II, low columnar simple-epithelial cells were formed firstly in 20 thd after inserting nuc-leus, which was secondary pearl sac. Postoperative 50 thd, similar pearl sac epithelial cells were formed at inserting nucleus positions of groups I, II and III, while they was not been detected at these positions of group IV or V. The large granular matter was found at epithelial cells front of groups II and III. Postoperative 90 thd, a large number of intercel-lular spaces were observed at pearl sac of groups I and III. Epidermal cells with multi-nucleus were increased in groups I and II, and the numbers of granular matter of were increased in epithelial cells of groups II and III. But, the stratified squamous epithelium cells were formed in operating positions of groups IV and V. Postoperative 150 thd, intercellular spaces were decreased in pearl sec of groups I and III. Amass of microvillus were found at epithelial cell free-end of pearl sac in group II. Meanwhile, cell nucleuses were increasing and granular matter were decreasing in groups II or III compared to 90 thd. As the same time, discontinuous low columnar cells in treatment IV were found, but these did not appear in group V. The Hyriopsis cumingii were breed with inserting nucleus. The nacre was obvious on the in-serted-nucleus surface in groups I, II or III at postoperative 50 thd, 90 thd, and 150 thd. The results indicated the depo-sitional nacre was evenly distributed for groups II and III, but group I did not. The thickness of pearls lay in group II (0.85 mm±0.06 mm) significantly increased than them in groups I and III (P<0.05;0.62 mm±0.07 mm, 0.56 mm± 0.03 mm). Otherwise, there wasn’t nacre deposition on the nucleus surface of groups IV and V. This study confirmed that the formation of the pearl sac epithelial cells existed obviously difference by inserting nucleus in different position of Hy-riopsis cumingii. The complete pearl sac structure could be formed at different sites for front foot-visceral mass, middle foot-visceral mass, near reproduction gland, and then the nacre were deposited. Furthermore, inserting nucleus in mid-dle foot-visceral mass was conducive to pearl growth. This research provided the practical and theoretical foundation for cultivating freshwater pearl in visceral mass.