CAJ | 학술논문

利用静态箱法于2011年结实期和2012年开花期与结实期分别对不同人类活动（自由放牧和刈割）影响下的呼伦贝尔草甸草原及相应的封育草原的CH4通量和植物土壤系统呼吸作用排放的CO2通量进行野外定位观测研究。结果表明：呼伦贝尔草甸草原（放牧和刈割及其对应的封育样地）均表现为 CH4的汇，3个观测时期汇强的变化范围为：－23.98±6.40～－95.96±28.57μgCm?2 h?1。呼伦贝尔草甸草原 CH4通量的日变化对温度的响应较为复杂。不同时期呼伦贝尔草甸草原的植物土壤系统呼吸速率的日变化存在差异，水分和温度的共同影响造成2012年结实期日均 CO2排放量低于2011年结实期。放牧对呼伦贝尔草甸草原 CH4吸收通量的日变化模式的影响较小，但在2011年结实期和2012年开花期促进了 CH4日均通量（促进幅度12.05%～93.35%），2012年结实期放牧降低了 CH4日均通量（降低幅度23.32%～30.43%）；刈割降低 CH4吸收日均通量11.55%～60.62%。呼伦贝尔草甸草原日均累计碳排放量中 CH4所占比例为0.35%～2.62%，而放牧和刈割行为对呼伦贝尔草甸草原的日均累计碳排放的影响结果在不同物候期以及不同植被群落类型均有不同。
이용정태상법우2011년결실기화2012년개화기여결실기분별대불동인류활동（자유방목화예할）영향하적호륜패이초전초원급상응적봉육초원적CH4통량화식물토양계통호흡작용배방적CO2통량진행야외정위관측연구。결과표명：호륜패이초전초원（방목화예할급기대응적봉육양지）균표현위 CH4적회，3개관측시기회강적변화범위위：－23.98±6.40～－95.96±28.57μgCm?2 h?1。호륜패이초전초원 CH4통량적일변화대온도적향응교위복잡。불동시기호륜패이초전초원적식물토양계통호흡속솔적일변화존재차이，수분화온도적공동영향조성2012년결실기일균 CO2배방량저우2011년결실기。방목대호륜패이초전초원 CH4흡수통량적일변화모식적영향교소，단재2011년결실기화2012년개화기촉진료 CH4일균통량（촉진폭도12.05%～93.35%），2012년결실기방목강저료 CH4일균통량（강저폭도23.32%～30.43%）；예할강저 CH4흡수일균통량11.55%～60.62%。호륜패이초전초원일균루계탄배방량중 CH4소점비례위0.35%～2.62%，이방목화예할행위대호륜패이초전초원적일균루계탄배방적영향결과재불동물후기이급불동식피군락류형균유불동。
Using a static opaque chamber method, a field experiment was conducted in-situ in the Hulunbuir meadow grassland, Inner Mongolia, during the seeding period (2011 and 2012) and flowering period (2012) to investigate the effects of grazing and mowing on the diurnal variation in methane flux and ecosystem respiration rate. The results show that the Hulunbuir meadow grassland soils were a sink of CH4, with the average CH4 diurnal fluxes ranging from-23.98±6.40 to -95.96±28.57 μgCm?2 h?1 in the three experimental periods. The relationship between the diurnal variation in CH4 flux and temperature is complex in the study area, and some differences were observed in the diurnal variation of soil?plant system respiratory CO2 emission fluxes during the experimental periods. During the seeding period in 2011, the daily mean soil?plant system respiration CO2 emission fluxes were higher than in 2012, as a result of the interaction of water and temperature. The influence of grazing on the diurnal variation of CH4 fluxes was very limited, however, the observations suggest that grazing could have increased the daily average CH4 flux from 12.05% to 93.35%during the seeding period in 2011 and the flowering period in 2012, but reduced it from 23.32% to 30.43% during the seeding period in 2012. Mowing could be responsible for a decrease in the average daily CH4 flux, from 11.55% to 60.62%. Considering the cumulative daily carbon emissions, CH4 absorption accounts for only 0.35%?2.62% of the total in the Hulunbuir meadow grasslands. Moreover, the impact of grazing and mowing on the mean cumulative daily carbon emissions differed significantly between the different phenological periods and vegetation types.